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Bell states generation with spatial pump filtering in nonlinear adiabatic waveguiding structures

Che Wen Wu, Alexander S. Solntsev, Dragomir N. Neshev, Andrey A. Sukhorukov

Published Jan 1, 2014• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We propose a novel integrated scheme for the generation of Bell states, which allows simultaneous spatial filtering of pump photons. It is achieved through spontaneous parametric down-conversion in the system of nonlinear adiabatically coupled waveguides. We also demonstrate that the adiabatic couplers open the possibility to maintain the purity of generated Bell states in a relatively fabrication-fault-tolerant way.

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We propose a novel integrated scheme for the generation of Bell states, which allows simultaneous spatial filtering of pump photons. It is achieved through spontaneous parametric down-conversion in the system of nonlinear adiabatically coupled waveguides. We also demonstrate that the adiabatic couplers open the possibility to maintain the purity of generated Bell states in a relatively fabrication-fault-tolerant way.
We propose a novel integrated scheme for generation of Bell states, which allows simultaneous spatial filtering of pump photons. It is achieved through spontaneous parametric down-conversion in the system of nonlinear adiabatically coupled waveguides. We perform detailed analytic study of photon-pair generation in coupled waveguides and reveal the optimal conditions for the generation of each particular Bell state. Furthermore, we simulate the performance of the device under realistic assumptions and show that adiabatic coupling allows us to spatially filter the pump from modal-entangled photon pairs. Finally, we demonstrate that adiabatic couplers open the possibility of maintaining the purity of generated Bell states in a relatively fabrication-fault-tolerant way.
Nonlinear optical waveguides enable the integration of entangled photon sources and quantum logic gates on a quantum photonic chip. One of the major challenges in such systems is separating the generated entangled photons from the pump laser light. In this work, we experimentally characterize double-N-shaped nonlinear optical adiabatic couplers designed for the generation of spatially entangled photon pairs through spontaneous parametric down-conversion, while simultaneously providing spatial pump filtering and keeping photon-pair states pure. We observe that the pump photons at a wavelength of 671 nm mostly remain in the central waveguide, achieving a filtering ratio of over 20 dB at the outer waveguides. We also perform classical characterization at the photon-pair wavelength of 1342 nm and observe that light fully couples from an input central waveguide to the outer waveguides, showing on chip separation of the pump and the photon-pair wavelength.
We predict that all-optically-reconfigurable generation of photon pairs with tailored spatial entanglement can be realized via spontaneous parametric down conversion in integrated nonlinear coupled waveguides. The required elements of the output quantum wave function are directly mapped from the amplitudes and phases of the classical laser pump inputs in each waveguide. This is achieved through special nonuniform domain poling, which locally inverts the sign of quadratic nonlinear susceptibility and accordingly shapes the interference of biphoton quantum states generated along the waveguides. We demonstrate a device configuration for the generation of any linear combination of two-photon Bell states.