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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Performance limits for single-photons, correlated-photons, and entangled photons for quantum key distribution over fiber optics network topologies

Eric Donkor, Fahad A. Althowibi, Ryan Williams

Published May 21, 2015• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present and compare the characteristic performance of single-photons, correlatedphotons, and entangled-photons for quantum key distribution over various fiber optic network topologies. The networks include the RING, BUS, and STAR. Quantum biterror rate is determined for each network as function of number of users, and transmission distance. The trade-off between number of users and transmission distance is presented. The robustness of the QKD against eavesdropping is evaluated for each architecture.

DOI
10.1117/12.2087027

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We present and compare the characteristic performance of single-photons, correlatedphotons, and entangled-photons for quantum key distribution over various fiber optic network topologies. The networks include the RING, BUS, and STAR. Quantum biterror rate is determined for each network as function of number of users, and transmission distance. The trade-off between number of users and transmission distance is presented. The robustness of the QKD against eavesdropping is evaluated for each architecture.
The purpose of this paper is to compare the performance of four passive optical network topologies in implementing multi-user quantum key distribution, using 3 protocols proposed by quantum cryptography (B92, EPR, and SSP). The considered networks are the passive-star network, the optical-ring network based on the Signac interferometer, the wavelength-routed network, and the wavelength-addressed bus network. The quantum bit-error rate and sifted key rate for each of these topologies are analysed to determine their suitability for providing quantum key distribution-service to networks of various sizes. The efficiency of the three considered protocols is also determined.
The performance of four passive optical network topologies in implementing multi-user quantum key distribution is compared, using 3 protocols proposed by quantum cryptography (B92, EPR, SSP). The networks considered are the passive-star network, the optical-ring network based on the Sagnac interferometer, the wavelength-routed network, and the wavelength-addressed bus network . An analysis of the quantum bit-error rate and sifted key rate for each of these topologies is used to determine their suitability for providing quantum key distribution-service to networks of various sizes. The efficiency of the three considered protocols is also determinated.
Quantum key distribution (QKD) will most likely be an integral part of any practical quantum network in the future. However, not all QKD protocols can be used in today’s networks because of the lack of single-photon emitters and noisy intermediate quantum hardware. Attenuated-photon transmission, typically used to simulate single-photon emitters, severely limits the achievable transmission distances and makes the integration of the QKD into existing classical networks, that use tens of thousands of photons per bit of transmission, difficult. Furthermore, it has been found that protocol performance varies with topology. In order to remove the reliance of QKD on single-photon emitters and increase transmission distances, it is worthwhile to explore QKD protocols that do not rely on single-photon transmissions for security, such as the 3-stage QKD protocol, which can tolerate multiple photons in each burst without information leakage. This paper compares and contrasts the 3-stage QKD protocol with conventional QKD protocols and its efficiency in different network topologies and conditions. Furthermore, we establish a mathematical relationship between achievable key rates to increase transmission distances in various topologies.