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Frontiers in Optics

Dynamical Decoupling in Optical Fibers: Preserving Polarization Qubits from Birefringent Dephasing

Bhaskar Roy Bardhan, Petr M. Anisimov, Manish K. Gupta, N. Cody Jones, Hwang Lee, Jonathan P. Dowling

Published Jan 1, 2011• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

One of the major challenges in quantum computation has been to preserve the coherence of a quantum system against dephasing effects of the environment. The information stored in photon polarization, for example, is quickly lost due to such dephasing, and it is crucial to preserve the input states when one tries to transmit quantum information encoded in the photons through a communication channel. We propose a dynamical decoupling sequence, to protect photonic qubits from dephasing, by integrating wave plates into optical fiber at prescribed locations. We simulate random birefringent noise along realistic lengths of optical fiber and study preservation of polarization qubits through such fibers enhanced with Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) dynamical decoupling. This technique can maintain photonic qubit coherence at high fidelity, making a step toward achieving scalable and useful quantum communication with photonic qubits. © 2012 American Physical Society.

DOI
10.1364/fio.2011.fthm7

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One of the major challenges in quantum computation has been to preserve the coherence of a quantum system against dephasing effects of the environment. The information stored in photon polarization, for example, is quickly lost due to such dephasing, and it is crucial to preserve the input states when one tries to transmit quantum information encoded in the photons through a communication channel. We propose a dynamical decoupling sequence, to protect photonic qubits from dephasing, by integrating wave plates into optical fiber at prescribed locations. We simulate random birefringent noise along realistic lengths of optical fiber and study preservation of polarization qubits through such fibers enhanced with Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) dynamical decoupling. This technique can maintain photonic qubit coherence at high fidelity, making a step toward achieving scalable and useful quantum communication with photonic qubits. © 2012 American Physical Society.
One of the major challenges in quantum computation has been to preserve the coherence of a quantum system against dephasing effects of the environment. The information stored in photon polarization, for example, is quickly lost due to such dephasing, and it is crucial to preserve the input states when one tries to transmit quantum information encoded in the photons through a communication channel. We propose a dynamical decoupling sequence, to protect photonic qubits from dephasing, by integrating wave plates into optical fiber at prescribed locations. We simulate random birefringent noise along realistic lengths of optical fiber and study preservation of polarization qubits through such fibers enhanced with Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) dynamical decoupling. This technique can maintain photonic qubit coherence at high fidelity, making a step toward achieving scalable and useful quantum communication with photonic qubits.
We address the issue of dephasing effects in flying polarization qubits propagating through optical fiber by using the method of dynamical decoupling. The control pulses are implemented with half-wave plates suitably placed along the realistic lengths of the single-mode optical fiber. The effects of the finite widths of the wave plates on the polarization rotation are modeled using tailored refractive index profiles inside the wave plates. We show that dynamical decoupling is effective in preserving the input qubit state with the fidelity close to unity when the polarization qubit is subject to the random birefringent noise in the fiber, as well the rotational imperfections (flip-angle errors) due to the finite width of the wave plates.
We theoretically investigate the influence of dynamical decoupling sequence in preserving entanglement of polarized photons in polarization-maintaining birefringent fibers(PMF) under a classic Gauss 1/f noise. We study the dynamic evolution of entanglement along the control sequence embedded fibers. Decoherence due to dispersion of polarization mode in PMF can be dramatically depressed, even for a wild optical width. Entanglement degree can be effectively preserved while the control pulse is implemented.
One of the fundamental limitations to high bit rate, long distance, telecommunication in optical fibers is Polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD). Here we show how one can adapt bang-bang control techniques for suppressing the decoherence of polarization states in optical fibers by carrying out controlled rotations of polarization at predetermined locations along the fiber. We propose an experimental proof-ofprinciple demonstration of the idea based on the propagation of polarization qubits in a ring-cavity containing birefringent crystals and wave-plates.
We report an experimental demonstration of storage of photonic polarization qubit (PPQ) protected by dynamical decoupling (DD). PPQ's states are stored as a superposition of two spin waves by electromagnetically-induced-transparency (EIT). Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) DD sequences are applied to the spin-wave superposition to suppress its decoherence. Thus, the quantum process fidelity remains better than 0.8 for up to 800 μs storage time, which is 3.4-times longer than the corresponding storage time of ~180 μs without the CPMG sequences. This work is a key step towards the storage of single-photon polarization qubit protected by the CPMG sequences.