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Journal of Optics B Quantum and Semiclassical Optics

Non-classical properties of even circular states

Regiane Ragi, B. Baseia, Salomon Sylvain Mizrahi

Published May 24, 2000• 22 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Here we investigate some general properties of the so-called even circular state (ECS) produced in a cavity, consisting of a superposition of N coherent states |α k ⟩ ( k = 1,2,..., N ) with the same |α k |. Several special states may emerge from this kind of superposition: in particular, when 1<<( e |α k | 2 / N ) N <<4 N a Fock state with N quanta is produced, whereas when ( e |α k | 2 / N ) N <<1 one gets a vacuum state. We analyse the atomic scattering the ECSs produce when two-level atoms go through the cavity and also the non-classical depth of these states.

DOI
10.1088/1464-4266/2/3/313

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Here we investigate some general properties of the so-called even circular state (ECS) produced in a cavity, consisting of a superposition of N coherent states |α k ⟩ ( k = 1,2,..., N ) with the same |α k |. Several special states may emerge from this kind of superposition: in particular, when 1<<( e |α k | 2 / N ) N <<4 N a Fock state with N quanta is produced, whereas when ( e |α k | 2 / N ) N <<1 one gets a vacuum state. We analyse the atomic scattering the ECSs produce when two-level atoms go through the cavity and also the non-classical depth of these states.
A scheme for preparation of coherent superposition of Fock states of electromagnetic field is constructed. The superposition state is created inside the cavity via a strong interaction of a four-level atom with quantum field of the cavity and classic laser fields. We demonstrate the possibility to create desired arbitrary superposition of the cavity Fock states just by changing the relative delay of the fields. Then, as another application of our model, we study a means of creating entanglement of neutral four-level atoms using different sequences of interactions with the cavity and laser fields.
A single two-level atom can be used to prepare an arbitrary photon number state (Fock state) in a high Q cavity . The atom undergoes a controlled succession of interactions with two cavity modes. One of them contains a coherent field. The atom transfers photons one by one from this field to the initially empty second mode. The scheme can be extended to prepare a quantum superposition of the vacuum with a Fock state, a highly non-classical situation. We discuss the feasibility of the experiment with our present Rydberg-atom cavity QED set-up.
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Higher-generation Schrödinger cat states of the quantized electromagnetic field can be produced in a high-Q cavity, starting from a coherent state, through the passage of prepared Rydberg atoms interacting dispersively across it. These states are natural generalizations of the even and odd coherent states, the N th-generations corresponding to specific superpositions of 2 N states on a circle in phase space with well defined parity, and present very peculiar properties. Their photon statistics interchange between super- and sub-Poissonian behaviours and the nature of the photon bunching oscillates as the field intensity in the cavity is varied. For higher-generation even states, the minimum value of the Mandel factor almost reaches −1.0 and the state represents the Fock state |2 N ). Squeezing properties and the Wigner function of these higher-generation Schrödinger cat states are also considered.