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International Journal of Modern Physics Conference Series

On the possibility of nonlinear quantum evolution and superluminal communication

Shan Gao

Published Jan 1, 2014• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A possible mechanism of nonlinear quantum evolution is introduced and its implications for quantum communication are investigated. First, it is argued that an appropriate combination of wavefunction collapse and the consciousness of observer may permit the observer to distinguish nonorthogonal quantum states in principle, and thus consciousness will introduce certain nonlinearity into quantum dynamics. Next, it is shown that the distinguishability of nonorthogonal states can be used to achieve quantum superluminal communication, by which information can be transmitted nonlocally and faster than the speed of light. Finally, the issue of apparent incompatibility between superluminal communication and special relativity is briefly addressed.

DOI
10.1142/s2010194514603597

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A possible mechanism of nonlinear quantum evolution is introduced and its implications for quantum communication are investigated. First, it is argued that an appropriate combination of wavefunction collapse and the consciousness of observer may permit the observer to distinguish nonorthogonal quantum states in principle, and thus consciousness will introduce certain nonlinearity into quantum dynamics. Next, it is shown that the distinguishability of nonorthogonal states can be used to achieve quantum superluminal communication, by which information can be transmitted nonlocally and faster than the speed of light. Finally, the issue of apparent incompatibility between superluminal communication and special relativity is briefly addressed.
The implications of quantum nonlocality are briefly reviewed. It is shown that the collapse of the wave function requires the existence of a preferred Lorentz frame. This opens the first door to quantum superluminal communication (QSC). A theory of QSC is deeply analyzed. We demonstrate that the combination of the collapse of the wave function and the consciousness of the observer will permit the observer to distinguish nonorthogonal states under some condition. This provides a principle for realizing QSC. A practical QSC scheme is given based upon the QSC principle. Some evidence of the existence of QSC is also discussed. Besides, a new space-time transformation for QSC is analyzed, and two ways to measure the preferred Lorentz frame are given.
This paper shall define and discuss two types of quantum process - Disentangling and Entangling. The first type will be shown to contradict Unitarity and is therefore ruled out as a possible signalling process within standard linear Quantum Mechanics. The paper will argue that the second type - the entangling process - is both allowed by the principles of Quantum Mechanics, and can transmit superluminal signals. A proposal will be made for addressing the objection to superluminal signalling by the Special Theory of Relativity.
We analyze the results and implications of the combination of quantum and consciousness in terms of the recent QSC analysis. The quantum effect of consciousness is first explored. We show that the consciousness of the observer can help to distinguish the nonorthogonal states under some condition, while the usual physical measuring device without consciousness can’t. The result indicates that the causal efficacies of consciousness do exist when considering the basic quantum process. Based on this conclusion, we demonstrate that consciousness is not reducible or emergent, but a new fundamental property of matter. This provides a quantum basis for panpsychism. Furthermore, we argue that the conscious process is one kind of quantum computation process based on the analysis of consciousness time and combination problem. It is shown that a unified theory of matter and consciousness should include two parts: one is the complete quantum evolution of matter state, which includes the definite nonlinear evolution element introduced by consciousness, and the other is the psychophysical principle or corresponding principle between conscious content and matter state. Lastly, some experimental suggestions are presented to confirm the theoretical analysis of the paper. Key words: quantum process, consciousness, distinguish the nonorthogonal states, causal efficacies of consciousness, fundamental property of matter, panpsychism, quantum computation, definite
Abstract Nonlinear quantum dynamics is often invoked in models trying to bridge the gap between the quantum micro-world and the classical macro-world. Such endeavours, however, encounter challenges at the nexus with relativity. In 1989 Nicolas Gisin proved a powerful no-go theorem, according to which nonlinear quantum dynamics would lead to superluminal signalling, violating Einstein’s causality. Here we analyse the theorem from the perspective of recent developments. First, we observe that it harmonises with the no-restriction hypothesis from General Probabilistic Theories. Second, we note that it requires a suitable synchronisation of Alice’s and Bob’s clocks and actions. Next, we argue that it does not automatically exclude the possibility of global nonlinear quantum dynamics on a tensor product Hilbert space. Consequently, we investigate a class of such dynamics inspired by discrete analogues of nonlinear Schrödinger equations. We show that, in general, they exhibit a chaotic character. In this context we inspect whether superluminal signalling can be avoided by relaxing the no-restriction hypothesis. We study three possible communication protocols involving either local measurements or modifications of a local Hamiltonian. We conclude that, in general, in all three cases, two spacelike separated parties can effectuate statistical superluminal information transfer. Nevertheless, we show an example of a nonlocal nonlinear quantum dynamics, which does not allow for it, provided that we relax the no-restriction hypothesis.
The fact that first-person conscious perceptions or sentient experiences have many bits of information strongly suggests that they are produced nonlocally by the effects of many atoms, say by nonlocal quantum operators. If these nonlocal operators act back on the quantum state of the atoms, they could lead to evolution in which signals propagate superluminally, violating the usual causality of local quantum field theory. Although there is not yet any direct evidence that nonlocal operators associated with psycho-physical parallelism act back on the quantum state, it is not totally implausible that this might be the case. In principle the resulting superluminal propagation might be observable by sending signals across brain regions (neural correlates of consciousness) that lead to conscious perceptions.