We consider a simple quantum model of atom-molecule conversion where bosonic atoms can combine into diatomic molecules and vice versa. The many-particle system can be expressed in terms of the generators of a deformed
su(2) algebra, and the mean-field dynamics takes place on a deformed version of the Bloch sphere, a teardrop shaped surface with a cusp singularity. We analyze the mean-field and many-particle correspondence, which shows typical features of quantum-classical correspondence. We demonstrate that semiclassical methods can be employed to recover full many-particle features from the mean-field description in cold atom systems with atom-molecule conversion, and we derive an analytic expression for the many-particle density of states in the limit of large particle numbers.
Bosonic quantum conversion systems can be modeled by many-particle single-mode Hamiltonians describing a conversion of
m molecules of type A into
n molecules of type B and vice versa. These Hamiltonians are analyzed in terms of generators of a polynomially deformed su(2) algebra. In the mean-field limit of large particle numbers, these systems become classical and their Hamiltonian dynamics can again be described by polynomial deformations of a Lie algebra, where quantum commutators are replaced by Poisson brackets. The Casimir operator restricts the motion to Kummer shapes, deformed Bloch spheres with cusp singularities depending on
m and
n. It is demonstrated that the many-particle eigenvalues can be recovered from the mean-field dynamics using a WKB-type quantization condition. The many-particle state densities can be semiclassically approximated by the time periods of periodic orbits, which show characteristic steps and singularities related to the fixed points, whose bifurcation properties are analyzed.
Using the linear entropy as a measure of entanglement, we investigate the effect of a beam splitter on the Perelomov coherent states for the q-deformed Uq(su(2)) algebra. We distinguish two cases: in the classical q → 1 limit, we find that the states become Glauber coherent states as the spin tends to infinity; whereas for q ≠ 1, the states, contrary to the earlier case, become entangled as they pass through a beam splitter. The entanglement strongly depends on the q-deformation parameter and the amplitude Z of the state.