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Physics of Particles and Nuclei Letters

Nonlinear laser amplifier with a suppressed level of quantum noise on the basis of a Bose condensate for 23Na atoms

A. V. Prokhorov, A. P. Alodjants, A. Yu. Leksin, Sergei M Arakelyan

Published Mar 1, 2007• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Based on advanced quantum theory for the Λ-scheme nonlinear interaction of optical fields in atomic Bose-Einstein condensate, the regimes of giant negative nonlinearity and absorption coefficients have been obtained for a probe light pulse. The nonlinear laser amplifier setup (under the Λ-scheme realization) for generation of the quadrature-squeezed light is presented

DOI
10.1134/s1547477107020240

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Based on advanced quantum theory for the Λ-scheme nonlinear interaction of optical fields in atomic Bose-Einstein condensate, the regimes of giant negative nonlinearity and absorption coefficients have been obtained for a probe light pulse. The nonlinear laser amplifier setup (under the Λ-scheme realization) for generation of the quadrature-squeezed light is presented
A quantum theory of the interaction of the atomic Bose condensate with external optical fields has been developed for a two-beam Λ-scheme close to resonance. Regimes have been obtained where the coefficients of Kerr nonlinearity and nonlinear absorption reach giant values and even become negative, which gives rise to the effect of nonlinear electromagnetically induced transparency. The possibility of the efficient generation of quadrature-squeezed light under the condition of the nonlinear compensation of optical losses has been shown.
We consider a $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$-type model of the Bose-Einstein condensate of sodium atoms interacting with the light. Coefficients of the Kerr nonlinearity in the condensate can achieve large and negative values, providing the possibility for effective control of group velocity and dispersion of the probe pulse. We find a regime when the observation of the ``slow'' and ``fast'' light propagating without absorption becomes achievable due to the strong nonlinearity. An effective two-level quantum model of the system is derived and studied. Our approach is based on a possibility of establishing a connection of the underlying algebra with the su(2)su(2)su(2) algebra within the formalism of the polynomial algebras of excitations (PAE). We propose an efficient way for the generation of sub-Poissonian fields in the Bose-Einstein condensate at time-scales much shorter than the characteristic decay time in the system. We show that the quantum properties of the probe pulse can be controlled in BEC by the classical coupling field.
In this paper, we investigate theoretically a system consisting of a one dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate trapped inside the optical lattice of an optical cavity. In the weak-interaction regime and under the Bogoliubov approximation, the wave function of the Bose-Einstein condensate can be described by a classical field (condensate mode) having some quantum fluctuations (the Bogoliubov mode) about the mean value. Such a system behaves as a so-called atomic parametric amplifier, similar to an optical parametric amplifier, where the condensate and the Bogoliubov modes play respectively, the roles of the pump field and the signal mode in the degenerate parametric amplifier and the s-wave scattering frequency of atom-atom interaction plays the role of the nonlinear gain parameter. We show that using the nonlinear effect of atomic collisions, how one can manipulate and control the state of the Bogoliubov mode and produce squeezed states.
In this paper, we investigate theoretically a system consisting of a one-dimensional Bose–Einstein condensate trapped inside the optical lattice of an optical cavity. In the weak-interaction regime and under the Bogoliubov approximation, the wave function of the Bose–Einstein condensate can be described by a classical field (condensate mode) having some quantum fluctuations (the Bogoliubov mode) about the mean value. Such a system behaves as a so-called atomic parametric amplifier, similar to an optical parametric amplifier, where the condensate and the Bogoliubov modes play, respectively, the roles of the pump field and the signal mode in the degenerate parametric amplifier and the s-wave scattering frequency of atom–atom interaction plays the role of the nonlinear gain parameter. We show that using the nonlinear effect of atomic collisions, how one can manipulate and control the state of the Bogoliubov mode and produce squeezed states.
We develop a scheme to generate number squeezing in a Bose-Einstein condensate by utilizing interference between two hyperfine levels and nonlinear atomic interactions. We describe the scheme using a multimode quantum field model and find agreement with a simple analytic model in certain regimes. We demonstrate that the scheme gives strong squeezing for realistic choices of parameters and atomic species. The number squeezing can result in noise well below the quantum limit, even if the initial noise on the system is classical and much greater than that of a Poissonian (shot-noise limit) distribution.
The signal to noise ratio of optical systems is ultimately limited by the shot noise due to the Poissonian statistics of the light field. In recent years there has been a considerable effort to find ways to overcome this limitation by generating non-classical light with sub-shot noise statistics. Several groups have demonstrated non-classical light generation in diode lasers or light emitting diodes, and the amplitude fluctuations have been reduced substantially below the shot noise level [1,2]. However, for phase-sensitive measurements it is necessary to generate the more general quadrature squeezed states. Such quadrature squeezed light can be generated either by second-order or third-order nonlinear processes provided the nonlinear material has very low losses at the optical wavelength. To date, the successful generation schemes for quadrature squeezed light have been restricted to atomic vapours, optical fibres, or second-order nonlinear crystals [3]. The possibility of using the large χ(3) nonlinearities of semiconductors at frequencies below the band gap where the optical absorption is small has been discussed in the literature, but so far there have been no successful experiments [4-6]. In this paper we report measurements on GaAs/Al0.3Ga0.7As multiple quantum well waveguides and bulk ZnS in the wavelength range 750 - 890nm. Although we measure much larger nonlinearities in the quantum wells, the strong two-photon absorption is detrimental for squeezed light generation. However, in the ZnS where the laser frequency is below the two- photon absorption edge, we have succeeded in generating quadrature squeezed light in a semiconductor for the first time. On the basis of our results, we would expect that squeezed light could be generated in many other semiconductor systems provided the photon energy is less than half the band-gap energy.