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IEEE Transactions on Information Theory

An improved upper bound on the minimum distance of doubly-even self-dual codes

Ilia Krasikov, Simon N. Litsyn

Published Jan 1, 2000• 11 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We derive a new upper bound on the minimum distance d of doubly-even self-dual codes of length n. Asymptotically, for n growing, it gives lim/sub n/spl rarr//spl infin// sup d/n/spl les/(5-5/sup 3/4/)/10<0.165630, thus improving on the Mallows-Odlyzko-Sloane bound of 1/6 and our recent bound of 0.166315.
DOI
10.1109/18.817527

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Using a variant of the linear programming method we derive a new upper bound on the minimum distance d of doubly-even self-dual codes of length n. Asymptotically, for n growing, it gives d/n/spl les/0.166315/spl middot//spl middot//spl middot/+o(1), thus improving on the Mallows-Odlyzko-Sloane bound of 1/6. To establish this, we prove that in any doubly even-self-dual code the distance distribution is asymptotically upper-bounded by the corresponding normalized binomial distribution in a certain interval.
Conway and Sloane (1990) have previously given an upper bound on the minimum distance of a singly-even self-dual binary code, using the concept of the shadow of a self-dual code. We improve their bound, finding that the minimum distance of a self-dual binary code of length n is at most 4[n/24]+4, except when n mod 24=22, when the bound is 4[n/24]+6. We also show that a code of length a multiple of 24 meeting the bound cannot be singly-even. The same technique gives similar results for additive codes over GF(4) (relevant to quantum coding theory).
Assume that a binary linear code is transmitted over a channel with the symbol error probability p and that bounded distance decoding is used. In this case it is known [3] that for sufficiently small p the performance of the code is only a question of the weight distribution (weight enumerators of more efficient codes are lexicographically smaller). Based on this result we study the efficiency of extremal self-dual codes. Extremal doubly-even codes have unique weight enumerators for each length, and at first glance it may seem that these codes should perform worse than other codes with the same minimum distance. However we show that this is not always the case when comparing to singly-even codes. We also show that a doubly-even code may perform better than a non self-dual code. We find the most efficient codes among extremal singly-even codes of length 24m + 8 and 24m + 16. We also consider some families of extremal singly-even codes with uniquely determined weight enumerators (s-extremal codes, codes with minimal shadow). It appears that they always perform better than extremal doublyeven codes of the same length. The results are joint work with Wolfgang Willems (Magdeburg).
Upper bounds are given for the weight distribution of binary weakly self-dual codes. To get these new bounds, we introduce a novel method of utilizing unitary operations on Hilbert spaces. This method is motivated by recent progress on quantum computing. This new approach leads to much simpler proofs for such genre of bounds on the weight distributions of certain classes of codes. Moreover, in some cases, our bounds are improvements on the earlier bounds. These improvements are achieved, either by extending the range of the weights over which the bounds apply, or by extending the class of codes subjected to these bounds.
For a long time, asymptotically good self-dual codes have been known to exist. Asymptotically good 2-quasicyclic codes of rate 1/2 have also been known to exist for a long time. Recently, it was proved that there are binary self-dual n/3-quasicyclic codes of length n asymptotically meeting the Gilbert-Varshamov bound. Unlike 2-quasicyclic codes, which are defined to have a cyclic group of order n/2 as a subgroup of their permutation group, the n/3-quasicyclic c codes are defined with a permutation group of fixed order of 3. So, from the decoding point of view, 2-quasicyclic c codes are preferable to n/3-quasicyclic c codes. In this correspondence, with the assumption that there are infinite primes p with respect to (w r t.) which 2 is primitive, we prove that there exist classes of self-dual 2p-quasicyclic c codes and Type II 8p-quasicyclic c codes of length respectively 2p/sup 2/ and 8p/sup 2/ which asymptotically meet the Gilbert-Varshamov bound. When compared with the order of the defining permutation groups, these classes of codes lie between the 2-quasicyclic c codes and the n/3-quasicyclic c codes of length n, considered in previous works.