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Journal of the Optical Society of America B

Tripartite entanglement of microwave radiation via nonlinear parametric interactions enhanced by quantum interference in superconducting quantum circuits

Guangling Cheng, Aixi Chen, Wenxue Zhong

Published Oct 10, 2013• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present an efficient scheme for generating the tripartite continuous variable entanglement of microwave radiation in a Δ-type three-level artificial atom placed in a transmission line resonator, simultaneously driven resonantly by two strong electromagnetic fields. We show that it is possible to obtain the full tripartite entanglement with the different frequencies in the presence of atom and cavity decays. In our scheme, interestingly, the nonlinear process of simultaneous parametric downconversion and upconversion interactions between microwave modes can be achieved via quantum interference induced by two classical fields and can be greatly enhanced under the condition of resonant driving of the two classical fields. Such a nonlinear interaction is responsible for the generation of the strong tripartite entanglement among three microwave modes. In practice, the system considered here could offer an alternative for implementing the scalable information processing in the solid-state system.

DOI
10.1364/josab.30.002875

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Abstract We demonstrate the generation of two-mode continuous-variable (CV) entanglement in a V-type three-level atom trapped in a doubly resonant cavity using a microwave field driving a hyperfine transition between two upper excited states. By numerically simulating the dynamics of this system, our results show that the CV entanglement with large mean number of photons can be generated even in presence of the atomic relaxation and cavity losses. More interestingly, it is found that the intensity and period of entanglement can be enhanced significantly with the increasing of the atomic relaxation due to the existence of the perfect spontaneously generated interference between two atomic decay channels. Moreover, we also show that the entanglement can be controlled efficiently by tuning the intensity of spontaneously generated interference and the detuning of the cavity field.
We propose an experimentally accessible superconducting quantum circuit, consisting of two coplanar waveguide resonators (CWRs), to enhance the microwave squeezing via parametric down-conversion (PDC). In our scheme, the two CWRs are nonlinearly coupled through a superconducting quantum interference device embedded in one of the CWRs. This is equivalent to replacing the transmission line in a flux-driven Josephson parametric amplifier (JPA) by a CWR, which makes it possible to drive the JPA by a quantized microwave field. Owing to this design, the PDC coefficient can be considerably increased to be about tens of megahertz, satisfying the strong-coupling condition. Using the Heisenberg-Langevin approach, we numerically show the enhancement of the microwave squeezing in our scheme. In contrast to the JPA, our proposed system becomes stable around the critical point and can generate stronger transient squeezing. In addition, the strong-coupling PDC can be used to engineer the photon blockade.