Using the grating-action method, we determine the threshold coupling strengths of three generic examples of phase-conjugate mirrors with two interaction regions: the cat conjugator, the mutually incoherent beam coupler, and the interconnected ring mirror.
We present a plane-wave analysis of a recently demonstrated self-pumped phase conjugator. This device uses four-wave mixing to produce the phase-conjugate replica of an incident optical wave. All the waves are derived from the single incident wave: there are no externally supplied pumping beams. We consider the case of four-wave mixing in two interaction regions coupled by simple reflection. We calculate the phase-conjugate reflectivity as a function of coupling strength, taking into account imperfect coupling between the two interaction regions, and show that there is a threshold coupling strength below which the reflectivity is zero and above which the reflectivity is multiple valued. We also compute the coupling strength per unit length for a photorefractive crystal of barium titanate.
We present theoretical and experimental studies of mutually pumped phase conjugation when a seed beam is injected that is the conjugate of one of the pumping beams. Good agreement exists between the theoretical and the experimental functional dependencies of the conjugate reflectivities on seed-beam intensity. However, the calculated gain is lower than that measured by two-beam coupling by nearly a factor of 2. We found that the seed-to-pump intensity ratio needs to exceed approximately 10−6, greater than 100 times the scattering, before the phase of the grating in the mutually pumped phase conjugator will follow the phase of the seed beam when it is varied by a moving mirror.