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Applied Optics

Coherent exciton mechanism of three-dimensional quantum optical lithography

Eugen Pavel

Published May 7, 2015• 9 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Two- and three-dimensional effects observed in quantum optical lithography indicate the existence of a long-distance energy migration, greater than 500 nm, to a reaction center with a diameter smaller than 1 nm. The confinement effect was obtained by energy transfer of coherent Frenkel excitons in an electric field gradient followed by a cooperative process of rare-earth ions in fluorescent photosensitive glass ceramics. A mechanism is proposed and discussed in order to explain the breakthrough of the diffraction limit of light. Fluorescent photosensitive glass ceramics act as a coherent perfect absorber, a time-reversed laser.

DOI
10.1364/ao.54.004613

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Rare earth ions (REI) in solid materials are among the leading systems for quantum technology applications. However, developing practical REI quantum devices with long-lived coherent states remains challenging due to great difficulties in growing high-quality REI materials and incomplete understanding of their decoherence mechanisms. In this work, we report a long optical coherence time of 422 ± 11 μs for the 7F0 → 5D0 transition, as well as a lifetime exceeding 30 hours for the 7F0 hyperfine spin states in Eu3+:Y2O3 optical ceramics. We identify the absence of two-level-system induced optical decoherence in short-range-ordered crystals and a decoherence mechanism caused by perturbing magnetic centers that were not detected previously below 1.5 K. Furthermore, we demonstrate coherent light storage over 5 μs by using the atomic frequency comb protocol. These results provide a promising proof-of-principle demonstration of quantum memory using Eu3+:Y2O3 optical ceramic system, highlighting its significant potential for practical quantum applications. Rare earth ions (REI) in solids are promising for quantum technologies. Here, the authors demonstrate a record optical coherence lifetime and the absence of two-level-system induced decoherence in Eu3+:Y2O3 optical ceramics. These findings advance the optimization of REI-based quantum systems and enable tailored material designs.