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NeuroQuantology

Entanglement, Correlation, Causality and the Analogy of the Dreaming Brain

Thomas G. Schumann

Published Sep 29, 2010• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The problem of entanglement as discussed by Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen (Einstein, 1935) and modified by Bohm is discussed using the analogy of the dreaming brain. A clear distinction must be made between correlations, even those called spooky action at a distance, and causal events. It is shown that the metabrain model clarifies and helps to resolve the issues.

DOI
10.14704/nq.2011.9.1.305

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The problem of entanglement as discussed by Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen (Einstein, 1935) and modified by Bohm is discussed using the analogy of the dreaming brain. A clear distinction must be made between correlations, even those called spooky action at a distance, and causal events. It is shown that the metabrain model clarifies and helps to resolve the issues.
The long-standing puzzle of the nonlocal Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen correlations is resolved. The correct quantum mechanical correlations arise for the case of entangled particles when strict locality is assumed for the probability amplitudes instead of locality for probabilities. Locality of amplitudes implies that measurement on one particle does not collapse the companion particle to a definite state. Sixty five years ago, the most significant paper questioning a fundamental aspect of quantum phenomena was written by Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen (EPR) [1]. They addressed the question whether the wave-function represented a complete description of reality in quantum mechanics, and argued that it didn’t. Bohr’s reply to this paper [2] was not sufficient to resolve the fundamental issues raised by EPR. Decades later, Bohm rephrased the EPR problem [3] in terms of particles correlated in their spin and this helped enormously in analyzing the problem with clarity. John Bell analyzed the EPR problem in the early sixties and established the Bell’s inequalities obeyed by
An analogy is made with a dream created by a brain to reproduce many of the aspects of our observed reality as described by quantum physics. Among these are the quantum theoretical method of calculating probabilities by means of complex amplitudes, quantum statistics and the disturbance of systems by observation and consequent non-commutation of some observations. Arguments are made for the subjective nature of probability amplitudes, often called wave functions. Some paradoxes or conceptual problems are resolved or clarified, such as the Schrodinger cat paradox, the preferred basis problem and the anthropic principle.
The “spooky action at a distance” and consequently quantum entanglement of physical systems/particles has been debated ever since the famous paper of Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen-EPR Paradox (Einstein et al., 1935). In spite of being considered of highly controversial, there has been a considerable amount of work so far addressing the issue and many scientifically successful experiments were recently carried out proving that the entanglement is a physical reality (Horodecki et al., 2009). The influence of quantum mechanics and entanglement has been far from the imagination of most scientists, eventually reaching to the ultimate concept of consciousness/mind. The entanglement theory, its connection to the consciousness/mind and finally the entanglement theory of consciousness/mind therefore demands pure scientific interest. In order to maintain the requirements, the present work firstly summarizes the quantum entanglement theory together with its relations with Bell’s inequality and finally describes an “entanglement model of consciousness/mind”.
Despite their Nobel Prize-winning empirical falsification, the interpretation of the Bell inequality remains a subject of controversy. This article discusses and attempts to clarify the reasons John S. Bell and A. Einstein claimed that quantum entanglement implies puzzling nonlocal correlations that Einstein famously termed ``spooky action at a distance.'' The issue remains notoriously controversial and has roughly divided the scientific community into localists and nonlocalists. Without taking a stance on either side in the long-standing, polarized debate, we examine Bell's actual argument, highlighting how it differs from the current orthodoxy.