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Physical Review A

Tailoring two-photon interference with phase dispersion

Ryo Okamoto, Shigeki Takeuchi, Keiji Sasaki

Published Jul 10, 2006• 21 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present a complete analytical formalism of the effect of phase dispersion on the Hong-Ou-Mandel dip with cw pumping, including higher-order terms. We show that the Hong-Ou-Mandel dip is strongly modified by the frequency-dependent phase modulation and even becomes a bump when the phase dispersion is a special step function. We also show that the phase dispersion function can be fully reconstructed via Fourier transformation from the measurement result of the Hong-Ou-Mandel dip when the dispersion function is antisymmetric. An experimental demonstration of the proposed method using a bandpass filter as a test sample is also presented.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.74.011801

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We present a complete analytical formalism of the effect of phase dispersion on the Hong-Ou-Mandel dip with cw pumping, including higher-order terms. We show that the Hong-Ou-Mandel dip is strongly modified by the frequency-dependent phase modulation and even becomes a bump when the phase dispersion is a special step function. We also show that the phase dispersion function can be fully reconstructed via Fourier transformation from the measurement result of the Hong-Ou-Mandel dip when the dispersion function is antisymmetric. An experimental demonstration of the proposed method using a bandpass filter as a test sample is also presented.
The dispersion cancellation observed in Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference between frequency-entangled photon pairs has been the basis of quantum optical coherence tomography and quantum clock synchronization. Here we explore the effect of phase dispersion on ultranarrow HOM dips. We show that the higher-order dispersion, the linewidth of the pump laser, and the spectral shape of the parametric fluorescence have a strong effect on the dispersion cancellation in the high-resolution regime with several experimental verifications. Perfect dispersion cancellation with a linewidth of 3 $\ensuremath{\mu}$m is also demonstrated through 25 mm of water.
Two-photon interference and Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect are relevant tools for quantum metrology and quantum information processing. In optical coherence tomography, the HOM effect is exploited to achieve high-resolution measurements with the width of the HOM dip being the main parameter. On the other hand, applications like dense coding require high-visibility performance. Here we address high-order dispersion effects in two-photon interference and study, theoretically and experimentally, the dependence of the visibility and the width of the HOM dip on both the pump spectrum and the downconverted photon spectrum. In particular, a spatial light modulator is exploited to experimentally introduce and manipulate a custom phase function to simulate the high-order dispersion effects. Overall, we show that it is possible to effectively introduce high-order dispersion effects on the propagation of photons and also to compensate for such effect. Our results clarify the role of the different dispersion phenomena and pave the way for optimization procedures in quantum technological applications involving PDC photons and optical fibers.
A method is presented for the separation of polarization-entangled, frequency-degenerate photon pairs based on inverse Hong-Ou-Mandel interference. Adjusting the phase between photon states is achieved by exploiting the wavelength dispersion of optical glass, for which process a complete mathematical description is given. To experimentally demonstrate the phenomenon, a custom photon pair source has been built using spontaneous parametric downconversion of type-0 phase matching and a Sagnac interferometer. The effect of phase tuning was characterized by the modulation of coincidence probability. The visibility of quantum interference was found to be 0.820 and 0.720 for photons being in purely horizontal or vertical polarization state. In case of polarization entanglement, the measured state fidelity with respect to the $|{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Phi}}}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rangle}$ Bell state was 0.914.
Recently a single-photon frequency converter by a nonlinear optical medium with a strong pump light [1] has been actively studied for quantum information processing [2]. The effective Hamiltonian of the process is described as a frequency-domain beamsplitter, which has two different frequency modes in its input and output. The transmittance is tunable by a pump power for the nonlinear optical effect. Such a frequency-domain beamsplitter is expected to cause an interference of two photons of different colors [3] in the context of a Hong–Ou–Mandel (HOM) experiment. In this study, we first observed the HOM dip in an optical range by using a frequency-domain beamsplitter.
This work presents a trajectory-based, phase-geometric account of Hong–Ou–Mandel (HOM) two-photon interference within Dual-Frame Theory (DFT). Interference and photon bunching emerge from deterministic microscopic phase evolution under a discrete motion budget, without wavefunctions or Hilbert-space postulates. Deterministic Monte Carlo simulations confirm linear and quadratic phase-variance scaling and reproduce the HOM dip using only geometric phase statistics. All numerical results are fully reproducible using the accompanying public code and datasets, which enable independent regeneration of all figures and tables.