Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Optics Letters

Gain statistics of a fiber optical parametric amplifier with a temporally incoherent pump

Yiqing Xu, Stuart G. Murdoch

Published Mar 9, 2010• 9 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present an investigation of the statistics of the gain fluctuations of a fiber optical parametric amplifier pumped with a temporally incoherent pump. We derive a simple expression for the probability distribution of the gain of the amplified optical signal. The gain statistics are shown to be a strong function of the signal detuning and allow the possibility of generating optical gain distributions with controllable long-tails. Very good agreement is found between this theory and the experimentally measured gain distributions of an incoherently pumped amplifier.

DOI
10.1364/ol.35.000826

Related papers

Noise Characteristics of Fiber Optical Parametric Amplifiers

Per Kylemark, Per Olof Hedekvist, Henrik Sunnerud +2 more

We derive an analytical theory for the noise figure of an undepleted and lossless fiber optical parametric amplifier (FOPA). Both the signal and the wavelength converted idler are investigated. Our theory is applicable for both an ideal pump power source, as well as a noisy one. We find that a noisy pump source can severely degrade the performance at high gain due to the stochastic gain-variations the signal and idler will experience. The theory is compared with Monte Carlo simulations of the FOPA and an excellent agreement is obtained. Simulations in the gain-depleted region show the possibility to reach below quantum-limited, phase-insensitive amplification for single channel transmission.

Journal of Lightwave Technology•Feb 1, 2004•126 citations

Analysis of quantum noise of a gain-saturated fiber-based optical parametric amplifier based on an equivalent input noise model

Kyo Inoue

A theoretical approach to evaluate quantum noise in gain-saturated fiber-based optical parametric amplifiers (OPAs) is presented. An equivalent input noise model that considers quantum noise is introduced, and an approximate expression of the saturated gain is presented to obtain the analytical formulas of the probability density function and the variance of signal fluctuations. Using this approach, the noise figure of gain-saturated OPAs can be analytically evaluated.

Journal of the Optical Society of America B•Sep 8, 2020•5 citations

Strong signal suppression in single-pump optical parametric amplifiers

J. C. C. Wang, Stuart G. Murdoch, R. Leonhardt +1 more

We show that the combined action of parametric gain and Raman scattering can lead to the complete suppression of an input optical signal in a single-pump parametric amplifier. This suppression is due to an interference between the two parametric gain modes. The interference occurs only at a set of discrete combinations of pump power, phase mismatch, and frequency detuning. Experimentally we are able to demonstrate over 95% (13 dB) suppression of an input signal in an amplifier with a peak parametric gain of only 6 dB.

Optics Letters•Apr 22, 2008•2 citations

Temporally Incoherent Twin Beams of Light

Orhan Aytür, Prem Kumar

Temporally incoherent twin beams of light are generated by means of an optical parametric amplifier that is pumped by the second harmonic of a Q-switched multi-longitudinal-mode Nd:YAG laser. For a parametric gain of 1·12, the intensity noise levels on the direct-detected signal and idler twin beams are found to be correlated by 1·4 dB, whereas the subtracted noise falls below the quantum limit by 0·7 ± 0·1 dB (15%). Although no direct coherence experiment is performed on the twin beams themselves, their temporal incoherence is manifested by the stringent path-length matching requirement between the pump and input signal beams.

Journal of Modern Optics•May 1, 1991•1 citation

Full characterization of the signal and idler noise figure spectra in single-pumped fiber optical parametric amplifiers

Zhi Tong, Adonis Bogris, Magnus Karlsson +1 more

For the first time, four different noise sources, which are amplified quantum noise, Raman phonon seeded excess noise, pump transferred noise (PTN), and pump residual noise, are considered simultaneously to model the wavelength-dependent noise figure in a single-pumped fiber optical parametric amplifier. An asymmetric signal NF spectrum induced by both Raman phonon seeded excess noise and Raman gain modified PTN is measured in the electrical domain. Theoretical results agree very well with the experimental data. The idler NF spectrum is also analyzed and measured, which shows a more symmetric profile.

Optics Express•Jan 27, 2010•84 citations

Raman and loss induced quantum noise in depleted fiber optical parametric amplifiers

S. M. M. Friis, Karsten K. Rottwitt, Colin J. McKinstrie

We present a semi-classical approach for predicting the quantum noise properties of fiber optical parametric amplifiers. The unavoidable contributors of noise, vacuum fluctuations, loss-induced noise, and spontaneous Raman scattering, are included in the analysis of both phase-insensitive and phase-sensitive amplifiers. We show that the model agrees with earlier fully quantum approaches in the linear gain regime, whereas in the saturated gain regime, in which the classical equations are valid, we predict that the amplifier increases the signal-to-noise ratio by generating an amplitude-squeezed state of light. Also, in the same process, we analyze the quantum noise properties of the pump, which is difficult using standard quantum approaches, and we discover that the pump displays complicated dynamics in both the linear and the nonlinear gain regimes.

Optics Express•Nov 20, 2013•18 citations
We present an investigation of the statistics of the gain fluctuations of a fiber optical parametric amplifier pumped with a temporally incoherent pump. We derive a simple expression for the probability distribution of the gain of the amplified optical signal. The gain statistics are shown to be a strong function of the signal detuning and allow the possibility of generating optical gain distributions with controllable long-tails. Very good agreement is found between this theory and the experimentally measured gain distributions of an incoherently pumped amplifier.
We derive an analytical theory for the noise figure of an undepleted and lossless fiber optical parametric amplifier (FOPA). Both the signal and the wavelength converted idler are investigated. Our theory is applicable for both an ideal pump power source, as well as a noisy one. We find that a noisy pump source can severely degrade the performance at high gain due to the stochastic gain-variations the signal and idler will experience. The theory is compared with Monte Carlo simulations of the FOPA and an excellent agreement is obtained. Simulations in the gain-depleted region show the possibility to reach below quantum-limited, phase-insensitive amplification for single channel transmission.
We show that the combined action of parametric gain and Raman scattering can lead to the complete suppression of an input optical signal in a single-pump parametric amplifier. This suppression is due to an interference between the two parametric gain modes. The interference occurs only at a set of discrete combinations of pump power, phase mismatch, and frequency detuning. Experimentally we are able to demonstrate over 95% (13 dB) suppression of an input signal in an amplifier with a peak parametric gain of only 6 dB.
Temporally incoherent twin beams of light are generated by means of an optical parametric amplifier that is pumped by the second harmonic of a Q-switched multi-longitudinal-mode Nd:YAG laser. For a parametric gain of 1·12, the intensity noise levels on the direct-detected signal and idler twin beams are found to be correlated by 1·4 dB, whereas the subtracted noise falls below the quantum limit by 0·7 ± 0·1 dB (15%). Although no direct coherence experiment is performed on the twin beams themselves, their temporal incoherence is manifested by the stringent path-length matching requirement between the pump and input signal beams.
For the first time, four different noise sources, which are amplified quantum noise, Raman phonon seeded excess noise, pump transferred noise (PTN), and pump residual noise, are considered simultaneously to model the wavelength-dependent noise figure in a single-pumped fiber optical parametric amplifier. An asymmetric signal NF spectrum induced by both Raman phonon seeded excess noise and Raman gain modified PTN is measured in the electrical domain. Theoretical results agree very well with the experimental data. The idler NF spectrum is also analyzed and measured, which shows a more symmetric profile.
We present a semi-classical approach for predicting the quantum noise properties of fiber optical parametric amplifiers. The unavoidable contributors of noise, vacuum fluctuations, loss-induced noise, and spontaneous Raman scattering, are included in the analysis of both phase-insensitive and phase-sensitive amplifiers. We show that the model agrees with earlier fully quantum approaches in the linear gain regime, whereas in the saturated gain regime, in which the classical equations are valid, we predict that the amplifier increases the signal-to-noise ratio by generating an amplitude-squeezed state of light. Also, in the same process, we analyze the quantum noise properties of the pump, which is difficult using standard quantum approaches, and we discover that the pump displays complicated dynamics in both the linear and the nonlinear gain regimes.