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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Effect of Carrier-Envelope Phase on Bound-State Atomic Excitation by Multi-Cycle Pulse

Pankaj Kumar Jha, Yuri V. Rostovtsev, Hebin Li, Vladimir A. Sautenkov, Marlan O. Scully

Published Jan 1, 2011• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present an experimental and theoretical study of Carrier-Envelope Phase effects on bound state atomic excitation. We investigated the influence of CEP on multiphoton transitions between the Zeeman sublevels of the ground state of 87Rb.
DOI
10.1364/qels.2011.qtuf5

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We present an experimental and theoretical study of carrier-envelope-phase (CEP) effects on the population transfer between two bound atomic states interacting with pulses consisting of many cycles. Using intense radio-frequency pulse with Rabi frequency of the order of the atomic transition frequency, we investigate the influence of the CEP on the control of phase-dependent multiphoton transitions between the Zeeman sublevels of the ground state of 87Rb^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb. Our scheme has no limitation on the duration of the pulses. Extending the CEP control to longer pulses creates interesting possibilities to generate pulses with accuracy that is better than the period of optical oscillations.
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We study the carrier-envelope-phase (CEP) effect of a few-cycle laser pulse on bound-bound transitions in helium in the high-frequency region. Specifically, for the one-photon transition from the 11S1{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{1}\phantom{\rule{-0.16em}{0ex}}S11S to the 21P2{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{1}\phantom{\rule{-0.16em}{0ex}}P21P state, the CEP effect increases as the frequency increases; while for the two-photon transition from the 11S1{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{1}\phantom{\rule{-0.16em}{0ex}}S11S to the 31D3{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{1}\phantom{\rule{-0.16em}{0ex}}D31D state, the CEP effect shows a peak at a frequency that is almost equal to the energy difference between the 11S{1}^{1}S11S and 31D3{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{1}\phantom{\rule{-0.16em}{0ex}}D31D states. By using a four-level model, we find that the CEP effect on the 11S1{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{1}\phantom{\rule{-0.16em}{0ex}}S11S--21P2{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{1}\phantom{\rule{-0.16em}{0ex}}P21P transition is attributed to the quantum interference between the positive-frequency and negative-frequency subpaths of the one-photon transition; whereas the CEP effect on the 11S1{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{1}\phantom{\rule{-0.16em}{0ex}}S11S--31D3{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{1}\phantom{\rule{-0.16em}{0ex}}D31D transition is attributed to the interference between the sum-frequency and difference-frequency components of the two-photon transition. These results indicate that the CEP effect can occur not only due to the interference between neighboring multiphoton-transition paths, but also due to the interference between two components inside one multiphoton-transition path. Therefore, this work, together with our previous work for the low-frequency region [Peng et al., Phys. Rev. A 82, 053407 (2010)], may provide a complete picture of the CEP effect on bound-bound transitions in the whole range of laser frequency.
We present an experimental and theoretical study of the carrier-envelope phase effects on population transfer between two bound atomic states interacting with intense ultrashort pulses. Radio frequency pulses are used to transfer population among the ground state hyperfine levels in rubidium atoms. These pulses are only a few cycles in duration and have Rabi frequencies of the order of the carrier frequency. The phase difference between the carrier and the envelope of the pulses has a significant effect on the excitation of atomic coherence and population transfer. We provide a theoretical description of this phenomenon using density matrix equations. We discuss the implications and possible applications of our results.
Using the characteristic of small energy difference between two high Rydberg states, we theoretically investigate the carrier envelope phase (CEP) effect in a bound-bound transition of an atom in a low-frequency long laser pulse with tens of optical cycles. Particularly, we first prepare a Rydberg state of a hydrogen-like atom by a laser field with the resonant frequency between this state and the ground state. Then by using a low-frequency long laser pulse interacting with this Rydberg atom, we calculate the population of another Rydberg state nearby this Rydberg state at the end of the laser pulse and find that the population changes dramatically with the CEP of the low-frequency pulse. This CEP effect is attributed to the interference between the positive-frequency and negative-frequency components in one-photon transition. These results may provide a method to measure the CEP value of a long laser pulse with low frequency.