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Fortschritte der Physik

Studies of femtosecond time‐bin entangled qubits for quantum communications

I. Marcikic, Hugues de Riedmatten, Wolfgang Tittel, Valerio Scarani, Antonio Acín, Sébastien Tanzilli, Hugo Zbinden, Nicolas Gisin

Published Apr 24, 2003• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract We create pairs of non‐degenerate time‐bin entangled photons at telecom wavelengths with ultra‐short pump pulses. Entanglement is shown by performing Bell kind tests of the Franson type with visibilities of up to 91 time‐bin entanglement can easily be protected from decoherence as encountered in optical fibers, this experiment opens the road for complex quantum communication protocols over long distances.

DOI
10.1002/prop.200310058

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Abstract We create pairs of non‐degenerate time‐bin entangled photons at telecom wavelengths with ultra‐short pump pulses. Entanglement is shown by performing Bell kind tests of the Franson type with visibilities of up to 91 time‐bin entanglement can easily be protected from decoherence as encountered in optical fibers, this experiment opens the road for complex quantum communication protocols over long distances.
We create pairs of nondegenerate time-bin entangled photons at telecom wavelengths with ultrashort pump pulses. Entanglement is shown by performing Bell kind tests of the Franson type with visibilities of up to 91%. As time-bin entanglement can easily be protected from decoherence as encountered in optical fibers, this experiment opens the road for complex quantum communication protocols over long distances. We also investigate the creation of more than one photon pair in a laser pulse and present a simple tool to quantify the probability of such events to happen.
We report the experimental realization of entanglement swapping over long distances in optical fibers. Two photons separated by more than 2km2\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{km}2km of optical fibers are entangled, although they never directly interacted. We use two pairs of time-bin entangled qubits created in spatially separated sources and carried by photons at telecommunication wavelengths. A partial Bell-state measurement is performed with one photon from each pair, which projects the two remaining photons, formerly independent onto an entangled state. A visibility high enough to infer a violation of a Bell inequality is reported, after both photons have each traveled through 1.1km1.1\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{km}1.1km of optical fiber.
Entanglement is a unique resource for quantum information processing, which allows for device-independent (DI) quantum communication protocols, such as Quantum Key Distribution and Quantum Random Number Generation. Loophole-free violation of Bell inequalities is a necessary condition for DI protocols. While timebin entanglement is promising for long-distance distribution over fiber optics, its most common implementation suffers from a post-selection loophole (PSL) which invalidates Bell non-locality tests. We present an implementation of a postselection-free “genuine” time-bin entanglement scheme working with 1550 nm biphotons with an estimated Bell violation of S = 2.56.
We present a new scheme to generate high dimensional entanglement between two photonic systems. The idea is based on parametric down conversion with a sequence of pump pulses generated by a mode-locked laser. We prove experimentally the feasibility of this scheme by performing a Franson-type Bell test using a 2-way interferometer with path-length difference equal to the distance between 2 pump pulses. With this experiment, we can demonstrate entanglement for a two-photon state of at least dimension D=11. Finally, we propose a feasible experiment to show a Fabry-Perot like effect for a high dimensional two-photon state.