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Nature

Decoherence of quantum superpositions through coupling to engineered reservoirs

Christopher J. Myatt, B. E. King, Q. A. Turchette, Charles A. Sackett, D. Kielpinski, Wayne M. Itano, Christopher R. Monroe, D. J. Wineland

Published Jan 1, 2000• 693 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1038/35002001

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``Decoherence of quantum superpositions through coupling to engineered reservoirs'' is the topic of a recent paper by Myatt et al. [Nature 403, 269 (2000)] which has attracted much interest because of its relevance to current research in fundamental quantum theory, quantum computation, teleportation, entanglement, and the quantum-classical interface. However, the preponderance of theoretical work on decoherence does not consider the effect of an external field. Here, we present an analysis of such an effect in the case of the random $\ensuremath{\delta}$-correlated force discussed by Myatt et al.

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We present results from an experimental study of the decoherence and decay of quantum states of a trapped atomic ion's harmonic motion interacting with several types of engineered reservoirs. We experimentally simulate three types of reservoirs: a high-temperature amplitude reservoir, a zero-temperature amplitude reservoir, and a high-temperature phase reservoir. Interaction with these environments causes the ion's motional state to decay or heat, and in the case of superposition states, to lose coherence. We report measurements of the decoherence of superpositions of coherent states and two-Fock-state superpositions into these reservoirs, as well as the decay and heating of Fock states. We confirm the theoretically well-known scaling laws that predict that the decoherence rate of superposition states scales with the square of the ``size'' of the state.
``Decoherence of quantum superpositions through coupling to engineered reservoirs'' is the topic of a recent paper by Myatt et al. [Nature 403, 269 (2000)] which has attracted much interest because of its relevance to current research in fundamental quantum theory, quantum computation, teleportation, entanglement, and the quantum-classical interface. However, the preponderance of theoretical work on decoherence does not consider the effect of an external field. Here, we present an analysis of such an effect in the case of the random $\ensuremath{\delta}$-correlated force discussed by Myatt et al.