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Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference

Vortex solitons in atomic-molecular Bose-Einstein condensates

Yuri S. Kivshar, Tristram J. Alexander, Elena A. Ostrovskaya, Paul S. Julienne

Published Jan 1, 2002• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Summary form only given. We analyse the dynamics of the parametrically coupled atomic and molecular condensates, in the framework of a two-component mean-field model that takes into account all types of the mean-field atomic and molecular interactions, as well as losses of atoms and molecules from the corresponding fractions of the hybrid BEC.

DOI
10.1109/qels.2002.1031246

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Summary form only given. We analyse the dynamics of the parametrically coupled atomic and molecular condensates, in the framework of a two-component mean-field model that takes into account all types of the mean-field atomic and molecular interactions, as well as losses of atoms and molecules from the corresponding fractions of the hybrid BEC.
We elaborate a mechanism for the creation of stable three-dimensional (3D) solitons in spin-orbit-coupled (SOC) atomic-molecular Bose-Einstein condensate, modeled by the mean-field equations with the quadratic three-wave interaction, characterized by mismatch ααα. The planar (effectively two-dimensional) SOC is applied to the soliton's atomic component, structuring it as a mixed mode (MM) or semi-vortex (SV). The molecular component of the SV soliton is shaped as a 3D vortex, while the molecular component in the MM soliton is an MM too. The solitons exist up to a critical value of ααα. The system demonstrates a relatively large norm share of the vortex components, exceeding 50%50\%50% of the total norm, which is an essential feature of SOC-supported solitons. This is scheme for realizing stable vortex solitons in free space with the quadratic nonlinearity.
The dynamics of stability and collapse of a trapped atomic Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) coupled to a molecular one is studied using the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) equation including a nonlinear interaction term which can transform two atoms into a molecule and vice versa. We find an interesting oscillation of the number of atoms and molecules for a BEC of fixed mass. This oscillation is a consequence of continuous transformation in the condensate of two atoms into a molecule and vice versa. For the study of collapse an absorptive contact interaction and an imaginary quartic three-body recombination term are included in the GP equation. It is possible to have a collapse of one or both components when one or more of the nonlinear terms in the GP equation are attractive in nature, respectively.