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AIP conference proceedings

Is Faster-Than-Light Communication Possible?

Raymond W. Jensen

Published Jan 1, 2006• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

It is shown here using elementary quantum mechanics that a method exists for transmitting signals faster than the speed of light. The method relies on measurement of the uncertainty of momentum for one photon of each pair. The uncertainty is affected by whether momentum or position is measured for the partners, due to Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle. For each pair the effect is instantaneous; so if the measurement of momentum uncertainty, done on one end, is distant from the momentum/position measurement switching done on the other end, then such behavior can be utilized for faster‐than‐light signaling.

DOI
10.1063/1.2169326

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AIP conference proceedings•Jan 1, 2011•0 citations
It is shown here using elementary quantum mechanics that a method exists for transmitting signals faster than the speed of light. The method relies on measurement of the uncertainty of momentum for one photon of each pair. The uncertainty is affected by whether momentum or position is measured for the partners, due to Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle. For each pair the effect is instantaneous; so if the measurement of momentum uncertainty, done on one end, is distant from the momentum/position measurement switching done on the other end, then such behavior can be utilized for faster‐than‐light signaling.
Abstract. It is shown here using elementary quantum mechanics that a method exists for transmitting signals faster than the speed of light. The method relies on measurement of the uncertainty of momentum for one photon of each pair. The uncertainty is affected by whether momentum or position is measured for the partners, due to Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle. For each pair the effect is instantaneous; so if the measurement of momentum uncertainty, done on one end, is distant from the momentum/position measurement switching done on the other end, then such behavior can be utilized for faster-than-light signaling.
It is possible to use two particles (A and B) with entangled properties to transmit information at faster than light speeds. This can be done, not by trying to modulate the results of how particle A is measured, but by modulating whether particle A is measured or not measured. The effect of this modulating method is to place particle B in either a single value (but arbitrary) state or leave it in a superposition of states. It is then possible for the reciever of particle B to distinguish between these two states by the use of an appropriately designed interferometer. Such a device can be designed to produce an interference pattern only when particle B is in a superposition of values and a straight simple image when particle B has a single (arbitrary) defined value. Under the Copenhagen interpretation and existing experimental results, this method will produce a way of signalling fater than light. It will require the use of multiple entangled pairs of particles to effectively transmit a single bit of information. Under the Multi-Worlds Interpretation, it will not be so easy to communicate faster than light by this mechanism, as detector B will be detecting photon B as a superposition of values in both cases.
Present understanding of non-possibility of Quantum communication rests on analysis of possibility of signalling within a Quantum system. Is it possible to achieve signalling by a setup where the system is changed from one to another where the act of change serves as the signal and the change in the measurement probabilities would be detected and deciphered at the receiver end? A proposal is made where a variant of Delayed Choice Quantum Eraser experiment setup of Kim et al is used to achieve the same. The setup is also designed such that the speed of communication can be faster than light. NonLocality and Quantum communication Nonlocality is a feature of Quantum Mechanics that has been firmly established through experiments [Aspect et al, 1981] and well accepted now. Entangled particles separated by a distance still are part of one entity and when that entity changes state by a measurement in one part of it the change happens instantaneously across the domain the entity pervades. Is it possible to use this instantaneous state change to transmit information across at high speeds, faster than light (FTL)? This issue has been dealt with from the time the Einstein raised the EPR paradox [Einstein et al,1935] and has been claimed to be impossible and shown to be so by Peres, [Peres and Tenko, 2004] through the no-communication theorem which shows that any amount of signalling by Alice through measurements done at one end of the quantum system would not be sufficient for Bob to detect and decipher at the other end of the system. However the discussions in literature (as above) always deal with information transfer within a stable quantum system by making measurements at one end and analysing the possibility of detecting it at the other end. Peres and Tenko analyse a Quantum System S of mixed-state where Alice and Bob make measurements at their ends of the system. The authors derive the probability that Bob’s outcome is ν as
Abstract In this work, we show that Quantum Mechanics predicts that two people who share entangled polarized pairs of photons can communicate faster than light. We show this communication only occurs in one direction, from person B to A. Person B can send information to A by measuring the polarization of his photons in different directions. Person A can find out in which direction B has measured his photons by measuring how much light passes through an optical circuit. We show this communication is instantaneous because it is based on the collapse of the wave function of the entangled pair, which collapse is instantaneous. We conclude that regardless of whether this method of communication works or not in practice, we have something new because if it works, it would be a contradiction to the theories of Relativity, and if it does not work, Quantum Mechanics would be predicting something that does not happen in real life.
Abstract In this work, we show that Quantum Mechanics predicts that two people who share entangled polarized pairs of photons can communicate faster than light. We show this communication only occurs in one direction, from Bob to Alice. Bob can send information to Alice by measuring the polarization of his photons in different directions. Alice can find out in which direction Bob has measured his photons by measuring how much light passes through an optical circuit. We show this communication is instantaneous because it is based on the collapse of the wave function of the entangled pair, which collapse is instantaneous. We conclude that regardless of whether this method of communication works or not in practice, we have something new because if it works, we would be contradicting the Theories of Relativity, and if it does not, we would have Quantum Mechanics predicting something that does not happen in real life.
The quantum mechanical uncertainty principle for position and momentum plays an important role in many treatments on the (philosophical, physical and other) implications of quantum mechanics. Roughly speaking, the more precisely the momentum (position) of a (quantum mechanical) object is given, the less precisely can one say what its position (momentum) is. This quantum mechanical measurement problem is not just an interpretational difficulty, it raises broader issues as well. The measurement (of a property) of a (quantum mechanical) object determines the existence of the measured. In brief, the quantum mechanical uncertainty principle challenges some fundamental principles of Science and especially the principle of causality. In particular, an independently existing (external) objective reality is denied. As we shall see, that the quantum mechanical uncertainty principle for position and momentum is based on the assumption that 1⩽0, which is a logical contradiction.