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American Journal of Applied Sciences

Quantum Hadamard Gate Implementation Using Planar Lightwave Circuit and Photonic Crystal Structures

Shamsolah Salemian, Shahram Mohammadne

Published Sep 1, 2008• 16 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract: An all optical method has been proposed for quantum Hadamard gate implementation. This quantum gate was realized by using Y-junction beam splitter. Normal modes in waveguides have been used as quantum bit. This all optical gate can be used in quantum computation and communication. The proposed Hadamard gate has potential of being more compact and easily realized compared to other optical implementations. By using planar lightwave circuit in implementation, the width of Y-junction input waveguide, width of each branch, angle of bend and length of bend were obtained 1 micron, 0.75 micron, 45º and 0.75 micron, respectively. By using planar lightwave circuit in implementation, the radius of large air holes and the radius of small holes were obtained 0.2 ands 0.1 micron, respectively. The index of substrate was 1.325. Implementation based on photonic crystal structures and planar lightwave circuit technology was used in integrated optics.

DOI
10.3844/ajassp.2008.1144.1148

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Abstract: An all optical method has been proposed for quantum Hadamard gate implementation. This quantum gate was realized by using Y-junction beam splitter. Normal modes in waveguides have been used as quantum bit. This all optical gate can be used in quantum computation and communication. The proposed Hadamard gate has potential of being more compact and easily realized compared to other optical implementations. By using planar lightwave circuit in implementation, the width of Y-junction input waveguide, width of each branch, angle of bend and length of bend were obtained 1 micron, 0.75 micron, 45º and 0.75 micron, respectively. By using planar lightwave circuit in implementation, the radius of large air holes and the radius of small holes were obtained 0.2 ands 0.1 micron, respectively. The index of substrate was 1.325. Implementation based on photonic crystal structures and planar lightwave circuit technology was used in integrated optics.
Transverse modes of optical fields are proposed to be used as qubits for the implementation of quantum Hadamard gate. Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (MZI), phase shifter, y-junction beam splitters and other optical devices are utilized to realize a quantum Hadamard gate. The possibility of this encoding scheme was designed, simulated and verified through rigorous numerical analyses using the Beam propagation method. The proposed gate has the potential of being more compact and easily realizable than some other optical implementation proposals since it is based on planar light wave circuit technology and can be constructed very easily by using a Mach-Zehnder Interferometer. The Results proved that the design is able to perform the required Hadamard transformation and the conclusion was reached that the model was a successful implementation of a quantum Hadamard gate.
A fully optical method to perform any quantum computation with optical waveguide modes is proposed by supplying the prescriptions for a universal set of quantum gates. The proposal for quantum computation is based on implementing a quantum bit with two normal modes of multi-mode waveguides. The proposed universal set of gates has the potential of being more compact and easily realized than other optical implementations, since it is based on planar lightwave circuit technology and can be constructed by using Mach-Zehnder interferometer configurations having semiconductor optical amplifiers with very high refractive nonlinearity in its arms.
A fully optical method to perform quantum computation with transverse modes of the optical field propagating in waveguide is proposed by supplying the prescriptions for a universal set of quantum gates. The proposal for quantum computation is based on implementing a quantum bit with two normal modes of multi-mode waveguides. The proposed C-NOT gate has the potential of being more compact and easily realized than some optical implementations, since it is based on planar lightwave circuit technology and can be constructed by using Mach-Zehnder interferometer having semiconductor optical amplifiers with very large refractive nonlinearitv in its arms.
A fully optical method to perform quantum computation with transverse modes of the optical field propagating in waveguide is proposed by supplying the prescriptions for a universal set of quantum gates. The proposal for quantum computation is based on implementing a quantum bit with two normal modes of multi-mode waveguides. The proposed C-NOT gate has the potential of being more compact and easily realized than some optical implementations, since it is based on planar lightwave circuit technology and can be constructed by using Mach-Zehnder interferometer having semiconductor optical amplifiers with very large refractive nonlinearity in its arms.
One of the most significant challenges in quantum computing is the variability in implementing quantum algorithms across different chips. In this work, we present a Hadamard photonic gate based on the quantum Fourier transform, which superimposes several numbers encoded in the classical domain. We recognize that various mathematical operations - such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and other complex calculations - are typically processed separately for each nth number in classical computers. This approach consumes considerable memory space and results in slower processing speeds as the number of bits increases. With the advancements provided in this work, we can eliminate the need for multiple memory spaces, allowing all numbers to be processed simultaneously in a single computation step. This is a key reason why quantum computers are significantly faster than their classical counterparts. Notably, as the number of bits increases, the number of processes remains consistent, enabling the same operations to be performed without requiring additional memory capacity. We have designed this algorithm using an optical integrated circuit that includes a silicon dioxide waveguide in an air bed, operating at a wavelength of 1.55 µm. Importantly, this circuit can not only be implemented independently on hybrid chips but also integrated into quantum monolithic chips based on Silicon Dioxide-Air optical waveguides as a key component of the overall structure.
Entanglement purification is essential to distill highly entangled states from less entangled ones. Existing general purification protocols are based on the quantum controlled-NOT (CNOT) or similar quantum logic operations, which are very difficult to implement experimentally. Here we present a feasible scheme for the implementation of entanglement purification based on planar lightwave circuit (PLC) implementation of quantum CNOT gate. This quantum gate is realized by using interferometric electro-optic modulator. By using planar lightwave circuit in implementation, the width of waveguides and the length of CNOT gate were obtained 12 micron and 2.8 cm respectively