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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

A Neglected Noise Source in Quantum Optics

Antônio S. Coelho, J. E. S. César, K. N. Cassemiro, Alessandro S. Villar, M. Martinelli, P. Nussenzveig

Published Jan 1, 2009• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In the nonlinear interaction of intense beams with a crystal inside an optical cavity, phonon scattering of the central carrier into sidebands acts as a source of extra phase noise for experiments in quantum optics.
DOI
10.1364/iqec.2009.itub5

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We show theoretically and experimentally that scattered light by thermal phonons inside a second-order nonlinear crystal is the source of additional phase noise observed in optical parametric oscillators. This additional phase noise reduces the quantum correlations and has hitherto hindered the direct production of multipartite entanglement in a single nonlinear optical system. We cooled the nonlinear crystal and observed a reduction in the extra noise. Our treatment of this noise can be successfully applied to different systems in the literature.
We present the optical transfer functions for third-order nonlinear cavities that involve an optical carrier frequency and its modulation sideband fields. Our approach is based on linearized transformations and provides a convenient tool to calculate squeezed light sources as well as complex interferometer topologies, containing subsystems that involve intensity dependent phase shifts, i.e., optical Kerr media. As the result we present the noise spectral density of a Michelson interferometer with Kerr nonlinear arm cavities and resonant sideband extraction and find that quantum noise can be squeezed by arbitrary amounts even outside the cavity linewidth. Such a system might apply for future gravitational wave detectors or simply for a continuous wave source of squeezed states.