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IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT)

A Feedback Belief Propagation Algorithm for LDPC Convolutional Codes

Yuanhua Liu, Xinmei Wang, Yucheng He

Published Jul 1, 2008• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A feedback belief propagation (BP) decoding algorithm for low-density parity-check convolutional codes is proposed. The proposed algorithm can activate the variable nodes more efficiently by applying feedback decoding at each decoding iteration. Compared with the on-demand BP algorithm, the proposed algorithm has a doubled convergence speed and causes only about half of the decoding delay at similar error performances without any increase of storage requirement. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can offer a good trade-off between the error-correcting performance and the decoding complexity.

DOI
10.1109/isit.2008.4594966

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A feedback belief propagation (BP) decoding algorithm for low-density parity-check convolutional codes is proposed. The proposed algorithm can activate the variable nodes more efficiently by applying feedback decoding at each decoding iteration. Compared with the on-demand BP algorithm, the proposed algorithm has a doubled convergence speed and causes only about half of the decoding delay at similar error performances without any increase of storage requirement. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can offer a good trade-off between the error-correcting performance and the decoding complexity.
A novel belief propagation(BP) decoding algorithm for convolutional low-density parity-check codes is proposed.The proposed algorithm raises the efficiency of updating the variable information by applying feedback information at each decoding iteration and employs the weighting factor to reduce the error propagation caused by the cycles in the Tanner graph,thus yielding a faster convergence of the decoding.Simulation results show that an error performance better than that of the existing belief propagation algorithm can be achieved,while the 5/8 decoding delay and the computation complexity are effectively reduced.Compared with the existing BP,the proposed algorithm achieves a gain of 0.16dB at the BER of 10-6 with the same number of iterations.
Variant belief propagation (BP) algorithms are applied to low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. However, conventional decoders suffer from a large resource consumption due to gathering messages from all the neighbour variable-nodes and/or check-nodes through cumulative calculations. In this paper, a check-belief propagation (CBP) decoding algorithm is proposed. Check-belief is used as the probability that the corresponding parity-check is satisfied. All check-beliefs are iteratively enlarged in a sequential recursive order, and successful decoding will be achieved after the check-beliefs are all big enough. Compared to previous algorithms employing a large number of cumulative calculations to gather all the neighbour messages, CBP decoding can renew each check-belief by propagating it from one check-node to another through only one variable-node, resulting in a low complexity decoding with no cumulative calculations. The simulation results and analyses show that the CBP algorithm provides little error-rate performance loss in contrast with the previous BP algorithms, but consumes much fewer calculations and memories than them. It earns a big benefit in terms of complexity.
A hybrid belief propagation (BP) decoding algorithm for low-density parity-check code is proposed to accelerate the convergence of decoding and reduce the number of decoding iterations. The hybrid scheme is presented by integrating the BP algorithm with the bit-flipping function which is used as adaptive weighted factor in the BP iteration decoding. The adaptive weighting factor is based on the average weighted reliability measure of the hard output of decoder. The proposed hybrid adaptive weighted iteration scheme can efficiently increase the convergence speed of the belief propagation decoding and therefore improve the error performance. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can significantly reduce the decoding complexity and achieve better error performances as compared with the sum-product algorithm.
The Layered Belief Propagation L-BP algorithm is is a modified Belief Propagation BP algorithm, where the check nodes are divided in subgroups called layers and each iteration is broken into multiple sub-iterations. In this paper, we consider layered belief propagation decoding and propose an efficient variable node layering for decoding LDPC codes that performs well. We compare the performance of the first introduced LDPC decoding algorithm BP and Layered BP using check node layering with Layered BP using variable node layering in terms of bit error rate (BER). We show that the convergence for decoding LDPC codes is increasing by using a simple and efficient layering strategy.
Summary The simplicity of decoding is one of the most important characteristics of the low density parity check (LDPC) codes. Belief propagation (BP) decoding algorithm is a well‐known decoding algorithm for LDPC codes. Most LDPC codes with long lengths have short cycles in their Tanner graphs, which reduce the performance of the BP algorithm. In this paper, we present 2 methods to improve the BP decoding algorithm for LDPC codes. In these methods, the calculation of the variable nodes is controlled by using “multiplicative correction factor” and “additive correction factor.” These factors are obtained for 2 separate channels, namely additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and binary symmetric channel (BSC), as 2 functions of code and channel parameters. Moreover, we use the BP‐based method in the calculation of the check nodes, which reduces the required resources. Simulation results show the proposed algorithm has better performance and lower decoding error as compared to BP and similar methods like normalized‐BP and offset‐BP algorithms.