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International Journal of Quantum Information

Hunting the "impossible atoms" Pauli exclusion principle violation and spontaneous collapse of the wave function at test

Catalina Curceanu, Sergio Bartalucci, Angelo Bassi, S. Bertolucci, C. Berucci, Mario Alexandru Bragadireanu, M. Cargnelli, A. Clozza, S. Di Matteo, Sandro Donadi, A. D’Uffizi, J.-P. Egger, C. Guaraldo, M. Iliescu, Tomoichi Ishiwatari, Matthias Laubenstein, Johann Marton, E. Milotti, Dorel Pietreanu, Kristian Piscicchia, Titus Ponta, E. Sbardella, A. Scordo, Hexi Shi, Diana Laura Sirghi, Florin Catalin Sirghi, Laura Sperandio, O. Vázquez Doce, Johann Zmeskal

Published Nov 1, 2014• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The Pauli exclusion principle (PEP) and, more generally, the spin-statistics connection, are at the very basis of our understanding of matter, life and Universe. The PEP spurs, presently, a lively debate on its possible limits, deeply rooted in the very foundations of Quantum Mechanics. It is, therefore, extremely important to test the limits of its validity. The Violation of the PEP (VIP) experiment established the best limit on the probability that PEP is violated by electrons, using the method of searching for PEP forbidden atomic transitions in copper. We describe the experimental method, the obtained results, and plans to go beyond the actual limit by upgrading the experimental apparatus. We discuss the possibility of using a similar experimental technique to search for X-rays as a signature of the spontaneous collapse of the wave function predicted by continuous spontaneous localization (CSL) theories.

DOI
10.1142/s0219749915600126

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The Pauli exclusion principle (PEP) and, more generally, the spin-statistics connection, are at the very basis of our understanding of matter, life and Universe. The PEP spurs, presently, a lively debate on its possible limits, deeply rooted in the very foundations of Quantum Mechanics. It is, therefore, extremely important to test the limits of its validity. The Violation of the PEP (VIP) experiment established the best limit on the probability that PEP is violated by electrons, using the method of searching for PEP forbidden atomic transitions in copper. We describe the experimental method, the obtained results, and plans to go beyond the actual limit by upgrading the experimental apparatus. We discuss the possibility of using a similar experimental technique to search for X-rays as a signature of the spontaneous collapse of the wave function predicted by continuous spontaneous localization (CSL) theories.
The Pauli exclusion principle (PEP) and, more generally, the spin-statistics connection, is at the very basis of our understanding of matter. The PEP spurs, presently, a lively debate on its possible limits, deeply rooted in the very foundations of Quantum Field Theory. Therefore, it is extremely important to test the limits of its validity. Quon theory provides a suitable mathematical framework of possible violation of PEP, where the q violation parameter translates into a probability of violating PEP. Experimentally, setting a bound on PEP violation means confining the q -parameter to a value very close to either 1 (for bosons) or -1 (for fermions). The VIP (Violation of the Pauli exclusion principle) experiment established a limit on the probability that PEP is violated by electrons, using the method of searching for PEP forbidden atomic transitions in copper. We describe the experimental method, the obtained results, both in terms of the q -parameter and as probability of PEP violation, we briefly discuss the results and present future plans to go beyond the actual limit by upgrading the experimental technique using vetoed new spectroscopic fast Silicon Drift Detectors. We mention as well the possibility of using a similar experimental technique to search for eventual X-rays generated as a signature of the spontaneous collapse of the wave function, predicted by continuous spontaneous localization type theories.
The Pauli exclusion principle (PEP) and, more generally, the spin-statistics connection, is at the very basis of our understanding of matter and Nature. The PEP spurs, presently, a lively debate on its possible limits, deeply rooted in the very foundations of Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Field Theory. Therefore, it is extremely important to test the limits of its validity. Quon theory provides a suitable mathematical framework of possible small violation of PEP, where the q violation parameter translates into a probability of violating PEP. Experimentally, setting a bound on PEP violation means confining the q-parameter to a value very close to either 1 (for bosons) or −1 (for fermions). The VIP (VIolation of the Pauli exclusion principle) experiment established a limit on the probability that PEP is violated by electrons, using the very clean method of searching for PEP forbidden atomic transitions in copper. We describe the experimental method, the obtained results, both in terms of the q-parameter and as probability of PEP violation, we briefly discuss the results and present plans to go beyond the actual limit by upgrading the experimental technique using vetoed new spectroscopical fast Silicon Drift Detectors. We discuss as well the possibility of using a similar experimental technique to search for X-rays generated as a signature of the spontaneous collapse of the wave function, predicted by continous spontaneous localization type theories.
The Pauli exclusion principle (PEP), as a consequence or the spin-statistics connection, is one of the basic principles of the modern physics. Being at the very basis of our understanding of matter, it spurs a lively debate on its possible limits, deeply rooted as it is in the very foundations of Quantum Field Theory. The VIP (VIolation of the Pauli exclusion principle) experiment established the world's best limit on the probability that PEP is violated by electrons, using the method of searching for PEP forbidden atomic transitions in copper. We describe the experimental method and the obtained results; we briefly present future plans to go beyond the actual limit by upgrading the experiment using vetoed new spectroscopic fast Silicon Drift Detectors. We also shortly mention the possibility of using a similar experimental technique to search for possible X-rays generated in the spontaneous collapse models of quantum mechanics.
Many experiments investigated the possible violation of the Pauli Exclusion Principle (PEP) since its discovery in 1925. The VIP(Violation of the Pauli Principle) experiment tested the PEP by measuring the probability for an external electron to be captured and undergo a 2p to 1s transition during its cascading process, with the 1s state already occupied by two electrons. This transition is forbidden by the PEP. The VIP experiment resulted in an upper limit for the probability of PEP violation of 4.7 × 10 −29 . Currently a setup for the follow up experiment VIP2 is under preparation. The goal of this experiment is to improve the upper limit for the violation of the PEP by two orders of magnitude, by using new X-ray detectors and by implementing an active shielding. We then present the idea of using an analogous experimental technique to search for X rays as a signature of the spontaneous collapse of the wave function, predicted by the continuous spontaneous localization theories, and discuss some very encouraging preliminary results.
The Pauli exclusion principle (PEP), consequence of the spin-statistics connection, is one of the basic principles of the modern physics. Being at the very basis of our understanding of matter, as many other fundamental principles it spurs a lively debate on its possible limits, deeply rooted in the very foundations of Quantum Field Theory. Therefore, it is extremely important to test the limits of its validity. Quon theory provides a suitable mathematical framework of possible violation of PEP, where the violation parameter q translates into a probability of violating PEP. The VIP (VIolation of the Pauli exclusion principle) experiment established a new limit on the probability that PEP is violated by electrons, using the method of searching for PEP forbidden atomic transitions in copper. We describe the experimental method, the obtained results, both in terms of the q -parameter from quon theory and as probability of PEP violation, we briefly discuss them and present future plans to go beyond the actual limit by upgrading the experimental setup. We also shortly mention the possibility of using a similar experimental technique to search for eventual X-rays, generated in the spontaneous collapse models in quantum mechanics.
The spin–statistics connection, in particular the Pauli exclusion principle (PEP), plays a very important role in our comprehension of matter and nature. Presently, the PEP violation, possible within some theories, generates a lively debate; it has given birth to a few experiments looking for tiny effects. The violation of the Pauli exclusion principle experiment put a very strong limit on the PEP violation probability by electrons, using the method of searching for PEP forbidden atomic transitions in a copper target. In this paper we present this experiment, the obtained results and future plans to upgrade the experimental setup with fast silicon drift detectors. We then present the idea of using an analogous experimental technique to search for x-rays as a signature of the spontaneous collapse of the wave function, predicted by the continuous spontaneous localization theories, and some very encouraging preliminary results.