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Joint Conference of the European Frequency and Time Forum and IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (EFTF/IFCS)

Evidence of a fermionic collisional shift

W. Maineult, P. Rosenbusch, Christian Deutsch, Jakob Reichel, Kurt Gibble

Published May 1, 2011• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present here experimental result showing that an collisional shift that cannot be explained by mean-field effects. We demonstrate that the latter results from subtle interaction scheme in our cold atomic cloud, mathematically equivalent to a fermionic collisional shift. We show agreement between theory and experiment, and extract the relevant energy scales implied in the collision process.

DOI
10.1109/fcs.2011.5977894

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We present here experimental result showing that an collisional shift that cannot be explained by mean-field effects. We demonstrate that the latter results from subtle interaction scheme in our cold atomic cloud, mathematically equivalent to a fermionic collisional shift. We show agreement between theory and experiment, and extract the relevant energy scales implied in the collision process.
In this work we probe the time dynamics of a collisional process involving energy transfer in a sample of cold Rydberg atoms produced in a rubidium magneto-optical trap. The 31S1/2{31S}_{1/2}31S1/2​ population, produced by collisions between the 29P3/2{29P}_{3/2}29P3/2​ and 29P1/2,3/2{29P}_{1/2,3/2}29P1/2,3/2​ states, is monitored as a function of time through the pulsed-field ionization technique. The experimental results were compared with a dynamic model based on a two-body interaction using a 1/R5{1/R}^{5}1/R5 potential. The model can reproduce well the time evolution of this collisional process. We are also able to explain the large electric-field range over which inelastic collisions are possible based on the existence of thresholds where collisional channels open and close.
Thermal collisions between laser excited Xe(nf) Rydberg atoms and a variety of neutral atomic and molecular targets have been investigated. In Xe(nf)-HF collisions, n-changing, 4-changing and collisional ionization were observed. For n = 26 and 27, absolute collisional cross sections for these processes have been determined using time-resolved selective field ionization. In addition, the first evidence of molecular rotational excitation through the transfer of energy of electronic excitation from a Rydberg atom is presented. In Xe(nf) - Xe, Kr, Ar, CO2, CO and N2 collisions the dominant mechanism was observed to be 4-changing: no evidence of n-changing or collisional ionization was apparent. Absolute collisional cross sections have been determined for a range of n between 24 and 37. Comparison of these cross sections with those obtained using a theoretical model in which effects due to the Rydberg core are ignored appears to lead to satisfactory results only for Xe, Kr and CO2, whereas when core effects are included satisfactory agreement between experiment and theory is found in all cases.
The dynamics of a trapped Bose-condensed gas at finite temperatures is described by a generalized Gross-Pitaevskii equation for the condensate order parameter and a semiclassical kinetic equation for the thermal cloud, solved using N-body simulations. The two components are coupled by mean fields as well as collisional processes that transfer atoms between the two. We use this scheme to investigate scissors modes in anisotropic traps as a function of temperature. Frequency shifts and damping rates of the condensate mode are extracted, and are found to be in good agreement with recent experiments.