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Physical Review B

Enhanced two-photon processes in single quantum dots inside photonic crystal nanocavities

Ziliang Carter Lin, Jelena Vuckovic A

Published Jan 5, 2010• 34 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We show that the two-photon transition rates of quantum dots coupled to nanocavities are enhanced by up to several orders of magnitude relative to quantum dots in bulk host. We then propose how to take advantage of this enhancement to implement coherent quantum-dot excitation by two-photon absorption, entangled photon pair generation by two-photon spontaneous emission, and single-photon generation at telecom wavelengths by two-photon stimulated and spontaneous emission.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.81.035301

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We show that the two-photon transition rates of quantum dots coupled to nanocavities are enhanced by up to several orders of magnitude relative to quantum dots in bulk host. We then propose how to take advantage of this enhancement to implement coherent quantum-dot excitation by two-photon absorption, entangled photon pair generation by two-photon spontaneous emission, and single-photon generation at telecom wavelengths by two-photon stimulated and spontaneous emission.
We propose cooperative two-photon lasing in two quantum dots coupled to a single-mode photonic crystal cavity. We consider both quantum dots are driven either incoherently or coherently using an external pump. We incorporate exciton-phonon coupling using polaron transformed master equation. Using quantum laser theory, single- and multiphoton excess emission rates (difference between emission and absorption) into cavity mode are investigated. The single- and two-photon excess emission rates contribute to cavity photons, predominantly. Varying the pump strength can lead to single-photon excess emission rate change from negative to positive, and thus, by appropriately selecting pump strength, single-photon excess emission rate can be made negligible.
The modified spontaneous emission dynamics of two photon-coupled quantum dots in a planar-photonic crystal are theoretically investigated. Based on a photon Green function technique for quantizing the electromagnetic fields in arbitrary surroundings, pronounced vacuum Rabi oscillations and dipole-dipole interactions are self-consistently incorporated and are shown to result in a high degree of quantum-bit entanglement. Quantum dots with different optical dipole moments are also found to yield a very rich display of quantum dynamics and offer several advantages over coupling identical atoms.
Generating correlated photons is an essential technology for photonic quantum information experiments. Increasing the generation efficiency of photon pairs via the enhancement of material nonlinearity is important for various applications including a near-on-demand single photon source based on multiplexed photon pair sources [1]. In this regard, photonic crystal nanocavities are attractive nonlinear media thanks to a high Q value and a wavelength-sized mode volume, which lead to the significant nonlinearity enhancement. However, such cavities generally support single resonant mode, whereas multiple resonance frequencies are required for photon pair generation processes. Coupled photonic crystal nanocavities have been studied to obtain multiple resonance frequencies [2-4]. However, there has been no report on the resonant photon pair generation from the coupled photonic crystal cavities.