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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Light-matter interface in quantum networks

Dzmitry Matsukevich, T. Chanelière, S. D. Jenkins, Shau-Yu Lan, T. A. B. Kennedy, A. Kuzmich

Published Jan 1, 2006• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

We report generation, transmission, storage and retrieval of single photons using remote atomic ensembles as quantum memories, as well as collapses and revivals of these memories.
DOI
10.1109/cleo.2006.4628921

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This article develops an expanded critical–propositional analysis of Thierry Chanelière and collaborators’ 2005 experimental study, “Storage and Retrieval of Single Photons Transmitted between Remote Quantum Memories,” in systematic dialogue with the Theory of Objectivity (TO), developed by Vidamor Cabannas and Denivaldo Silva. Chanelière et al. demonstrated the generation, transmission through approximately 100 meters of optical fiber, storage in a remote atomic ensemble, and subsequent retrieval of a single-photon excitation. Through electromagnetically induced transparency and the dark-state-polariton mechanism, a propagating photonic excitation was coherently mapped onto a collective excitation of cold rubidium atoms and later converted back into radiation. For a storage interval of 500 ns, the retrieved field exhibited an anticorrelation parameter α = 0.36±0.11 < 1, supporting its nonclassical single-photon character, while intensity cross-correlation measurements indicated memory times exceeding 10 µs, with a fitted characteristic time of approximately 11 µs. The estimated storage-and-retrieval efficiency was approximately 6 percent (Chanelière et al. 2005). These experimental features make the study particularly relevant to TO because the latter assigns a fundamental role to relations among physical elements, boundaries, transformations, and especially to information or knowledge produced in atomic relations, which TO associates with atomic radiation. The comparison nevertheless adopts a strict three-level epistemological distinction. First, there are empirical facts established within experimental quantum optics. Second, there may be structural compatibility between these facts and categories internal to TO. Third, TO-specific empirical confirmation would require observations capable of discriminating predictions derived from TO from those already entailed by established quantum theory. On this basis, the Chanelière experiment is found to have especially strong structural relevance to VA4, concerning boundaries and interfaces; VA6, concerning relational composition; and VA7, concerning the transcendent informational element. The experimentally controlled sequence of atomic excitation, photonic transmission, collective atomic storage, and photonic retrieval offers a particularly strong operational analogy to TO’s proposed matter–information–radiation relationship. Yet it does not establish the ontological identity of information and radiation, nor does it independently demonstrate the modal necessity of TO’s seven axiomatic premises. The article also examines possible relationships with TO’s phenomenic elements, Inducing Effects, cosmogonic theorem, and cosmological Eras. It argues that the experiment supplies an important microphysical bridge for operationalizing selected TO claims but provides no direct cosmological evidence. The strongest scientific use of Chanelière et al. for TO is therefore not retrospective confirmation but prospective test design: quantum-memory architectures may provide controlled environments in which TO-specific quantitative claims about information, radiation, boundaries, coherence, and atomic relational structures could be formulated and experimentally discriminated from standard quantum-optical predictions. Keywords: Theory of Objectivity; quantum memory; single photons; information; atomic radiation; dark-state polaritons; electromagnetically induced transparency; quantum networks; modal ontology; empirical corroboration; matter–light interface.

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We report the experimental observation of slow-light and coherent storage in a setting where light is tightly confined in the transverse directions. By interfacing a tapered optical nanofiber with a cold atomic ensemble, electromagnetically induced transparency is observed and light pulses at the single-photon level are stored in and retrieved from the atomic medium. The decay of efficiency with storage time is also measured and related to concurrent decoherence mechanisms. Collapses and revivals can be additionally controlled by an applied magnetic field. Our results based on subdiffraction-limited optical mode interacting with atoms via the strong evanescent field demonstrate an alternative to free-space focusing and a novel capability for information storage in an all-fibered quantum network.
This article develops an expanded critical–propositional analysis of Thierry Chanelière and collaborators’ 2005 experimental study, “Storage and Retrieval of Single Photons Transmitted between Remote Quantum Memories,” in systematic dialogue with the Theory of Objectivity (TO), developed by Vidamor Cabannas and Denivaldo Silva. Chanelière et al. demonstrated the generation, transmission through approximately 100 meters of optical fiber, storage in a remote atomic ensemble, and subsequent retrieval of a single-photon excitation. Through electromagnetically induced transparency and the dark-state-polariton mechanism, a propagating photonic excitation was coherently mapped onto a collective excitation of cold rubidium atoms and later converted back into radiation. For a storage interval of 500 ns, the retrieved field exhibited an anticorrelation parameter α = 0.36±0.11 < 1, supporting its nonclassical single-photon character, while intensity cross-correlation measurements indicated memory times exceeding 10 µs, with a fitted characteristic time of approximately 11 µs. The estimated storage-and-retrieval efficiency was approximately 6 percent (Chanelière et al. 2005). These experimental features make the study particularly relevant to TO because the latter assigns a fundamental role to relations among physical elements, boundaries, transformations, and especially to information or knowledge produced in atomic relations, which TO associates with atomic radiation. The comparison nevertheless adopts a strict three-level epistemological distinction. First, there are empirical facts established within experimental quantum optics. Second, there may be structural compatibility between these facts and categories internal to TO. Third, TO-specific empirical confirmation would require observations capable of discriminating predictions derived from TO from those already entailed by established quantum theory. On this basis, the Chanelière experiment is found to have especially strong structural relevance to VA4, concerning boundaries and interfaces; VA6, concerning relational composition; and VA7, concerning the transcendent informational element. The experimentally controlled sequence of atomic excitation, photonic transmission, collective atomic storage, and photonic retrieval offers a particularly strong operational analogy to TO’s proposed matter–information–radiation relationship. Yet it does not establish the ontological identity of information and radiation, nor does it independently demonstrate the modal necessity of TO’s seven axiomatic premises. The article also examines possible relationships with TO’s phenomenic elements, Inducing Effects, cosmogonic theorem, and cosmological Eras. It argues that the experiment supplies an important microphysical bridge for operationalizing selected TO claims but provides no direct cosmological evidence. The strongest scientific use of Chanelière et al. for TO is therefore not retrospective confirmation but prospective test design: quantum-memory architectures may provide controlled environments in which TO-specific quantitative claims about information, radiation, boundaries, coherence, and atomic relational structures could be formulated and experimentally discriminated from standard quantum-optical predictions. Keywords: Theory of Objectivity; quantum memory; single photons; information; atomic radiation; dark-state polaritons; electromagnetically induced transparency; quantum networks; modal ontology; empirical corroboration; matter–light interface.