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Physical Review Letters

Preparation of stationary Fock states in a one-atom Raman laser

Thomas Pellizzari, Helmut Ritsch

Published Jun 20, 1994• 61 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We demonstrate the possibility of preparing low-photon-number eigenstates of a single damped cavity mode coupled to a single three-level atom in a Raman lambda configuration. As an example we discuss cesium and show that both the atom-field coupling strength and the cavity loss rate needed for an experimental realization of the proposed scheme lie within 1 order of magnitude of what is achievable in current experimental setups.

DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.72.3973

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We demonstrate the possibility of preparing low-photon-number eigenstates of a single damped cavity mode coupled to a single three-level atom in a Raman lambda configuration. As an example we discuss cesium and show that both the atom-field coupling strength and the cavity loss rate needed for an experimental realization of the proposed scheme lie within 1 order of magnitude of what is achievable in current experimental setups.
Stimulated Raman interaction of a classically pumped single three-level ΛΛΛ-type atom in a resonator cavity featuring both radiative and unwanted losses is studied. It is shown that in the regime of stimulated adiabatic Raman passage the excited outgoing wave packet of the cavity-assisted electromagnetic field can be prepared in a one-photon Fock state with high efficiency. In this regime, the spatio-temporal shape of the wave packet does not depend on the interaction shape of the pump field, provided that the interaction of the atom with the pump is time-delayed with respect to the interaction of the atom with the cavity-assisted field. Therefore, the scheme can be used to generate a sequence of identical radiation pulses each of almost one-photon Fock state. It is further shown that the spatio-temporal shape of the outgoing wave packet can be manipulated by controlling the time of interaction between the atom and the cavity-assisted electromagnetic field.
A single two-level atom can be used to prepare an arbitrary photon number state (Fock state) in a high Q cavity . The atom undergoes a controlled succession of interactions with two cavity modes. One of them contains a coherent field. The atom transfers photons one by one from this field to the initially empty second mode. The scheme can be extended to prepare a quantum superposition of the vacuum with a Fock state, a highly non-classical situation. We discuss the feasibility of the experiment with our present Rydberg-atom cavity QED set-up.
We propose a mechanism for producing Fock states on demand leaking from a single mode optical cavity interacting with a single atom and a laser pulse. The number of photons can be chosen, as it is determined by the Zeeman substructure of the ground state of the atom and its initial state. The deterministic generation of a free-propagating Fock state of 1≤n≤2F1\leq n\leq2F1≤n≤2F photons is achieved, when a circularly polarized laser pulse completely transfers the atomic population between Zeeman sublevels of the ground hyperfine state FFF through far-detuned Raman scattering thus producing linearly polarized cavity photons. We describe analytically the evolution of optical field taking into account the spontaneous losses and the cavity damping. We demonstrate the possibility of production of Fock-state with different numbers of photons by using different transitions of the same atom. We show also that this technique provides a deterministic source of a train of identical multiphoton Fock-states, if a sequence of left- and right-circularly polarized laser pulses is applied. The resulting states have potential applications in quantum computation and simulation.
A two-photon Fock state is prepared in a cavity sustaining a "source mode" and a "target mode," with a single circular Rydberg atom. In a third-order Raman process, the atom emits a photon in the target while scattering one photon from the source into the target. The final two-photon state is probed by measuring by Ramsey interferometry the cavity light shifts induced by the target field on the same atom. Extensions to other multiphoton processes and to a new type of micromaser are briefly discussed.