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Physical Review Letters

Eigenstate assisted activation

M. Ya. Azbel

Published Jan 6, 1992• 34 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Transmission through an opaque static barrier is greatly enhanced by an alternating potential. If a particle is activated to its lowest instantaneous eigenenergy, it is ``trapped'' and will follow the alternating potential to the top of the static barrier (``elevator effect'').

DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.68.98

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Tunneling through time-dependent potentials is of relevance to a number of physical problems. Using a WKB analysis, Azbel' has recently studied the effects of a nonharmonic time-dependent perturbation embedded in an opaque potential barrier. He suggests the existence of three different regimes for transmission in such systems: direct tunneling, activation-assisted tunneling, and elevator resonant activation. We address the same problem with a numerical technique based on wave-packet simulations. Our numerical results are in qualitative agreement with the picture of Azbel'. The outcome depends on the characteristic time T of the nonharmonic potential. There is a transition from direct tunneling to the activation regime around a ``crossover'' value ${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}$ which is determined by the B\"uttiker-Landauer time, the distance between the initial energy and the lowest resonant level, and the amplitude of the time-dependent perturbation. The total transmission probability is strongly enhanced when entering the activation regime.

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The tunneling through an opaque barrier with a strong oscillating component is investigated. It is shown, that in the strong perturbations regime (in contrast to the weak one), higher perturbations rate does not necessarily improve the activation. In fact, in this regime two rival factors play a role, and as a consequence, this tunneling system behaves like a sensitive frequency-shifter device: for most incident particles' energies activation occurs and the particles are energetically elevated, while for specific energies activation is depressed and the transmission is very low. This effect is unique to the strong perturbation regime, and it is totally absent in the weak perturbation case. Moreover, it cannot be deduced even in the adiabatic regime. It is conjectured that this mechanism can be used as a frequency-dependent transistor, in which the device's transmission is governed by the external field frequency.

arXiv:quant-ph/0112167•Dec 27, 2001•0 citations
Transmission through an opaque static barrier is greatly enhanced by an alternating potential. If a particle is activated to its lowest instantaneous eigenenergy, it is trapped'' and will follow the alternating potential to the top of the static barrier (elevator effect'').
Tunneling through time-dependent potentials is of relevance to a number of physical problems. Using a WKB analysis, Azbel' has recently studied the effects of a nonharmonic time-dependent perturbation embedded in an opaque potential barrier. He suggests the existence of three different regimes for transmission in such systems: direct tunneling, activation-assisted tunneling, and elevator resonant activation. We address the same problem with a numerical technique based on wave-packet simulations. Our numerical results are in qualitative agreement with the picture of Azbel'. The outcome depends on the characteristic time T of the nonharmonic potential. There is a transition from direct tunneling to the activation regime around a ``crossover'' value Tc{\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}Tc​ which is determined by the B\"uttiker-Landauer time, the distance between the initial energy and the lowest resonant level, and the amplitude of the time-dependent perturbation. The total transmission probability is strongly enhanced when entering the activation regime.
The tunneling through an opaque barrier with a strong oscillating component is investigated. It is shown, that in the strong perturbations regime (in contrast to the weak one), higher perturbations rate does not necessarily improve the activation. In fact, in this regime two rival factors play a role, and as a consequence, this tunneling system behaves like a sensitive frequency-shifter device: for most incident particles' energies activation occurs and the particles are energetically elevated, while for specific energies activation is depressed and the transmission is very low. This effect is unique to the strong perturbation regime, and it is totally absent in the weak perturbation case. Moreover, it cannot be deduced even in the adiabatic regime. It is conjectured that this mechanism can be used as a frequency-dependent transistor, in which the device's transmission is governed by the external field frequency.