We show that non-degenerate four-wave mixing in an atomic vapor can be used as a quantum delay line for multi-spatial-mode twin beams. This makes it possible to delay continuous variable entangled images without significant degradation.
Two beams of light can be quantum mechanically entangled through correlations of their phase and intensity fluctuations. For a pair of spatially extended image-carrying light fields, the concept of entanglement can be applied not only to the entire images but also to their smaller details. We used a spatially multimode amplifier based on four-wave mixing in a hot vapor to produce twin images that exhibit localized entanglement. The images can be bright fields that display position-dependent quantum noise reduction in their intensity difference or vacuum twin beams that are strongly entangled when projected onto a large range of different spatial modes. The high degree of spatial entanglement demonstrates that the system is an ideal source for parallel continuous-variable quantum information protocols.
Abstract Nonlinearities in atomic vapors allow the production of “entangled images”—beams of light whose transverse light distributions exhibit localized correlations in their unavoidable quantum fluctuations (see picture). These spatially entangled beams may prove useful to reduce the noise in absorption imaging and beam positioning below the quantum noise level, as well as for quantum information applications. magnified image The entanglement properties of two beams of light can reside in subtle correlations that exist in the unavoidable quantum fluctuations of their amplitudes and phases. Recent advances in the generation of nonclassical light with four‐wave mixing in an atomic vapor have permitted the production and the observation of entanglement that is localized in almost arbitrary transverse regions of a pair of beams. These multi‐spatial‐mode entangled beams may prove useful for an array of applications ranging from noise‐free imaging and improved position sensing to quantum information processing.