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Optics Communications

Observation on the incompatibility between the first-order and second-order interferences with laser beams

Jianbin Liu, Guoquan Zhang

Published Feb 26, 2011• 11 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/j.optcom.2011.02.013

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The first- and second-order temporal interference between two independent thermal and laser light beams is discussed by employing the superposition principle in Feynman's path integral theory. It is concluded that the first-order temporal interference pattern can not be observed by superposing two independent thermal and laser light beams, while the second-order temporal interference pattern can be observed in the same condition. These predictions are experimentally verified by employing pseudothermal light to simulate thermal light. The relationship between the indistinguishability of alternatives and photons is analyzed. The conclusions are helpful to understand the interference of different kinds of light and the difference between the coherence properties of thermal and laser light.
A new class of electron interferometers is proposed that make use of a laser-modulated electron beam. The observable interference arises in second-order processes, since the first-order interference oscillates rapidly and averages to zero. It is shown that the detected signal varies sinusoidally with the separation of two sequential modulators, thus generating a fringe pattern with peak-to-peak spacing that may be smaller or larger than the laser wavelength. It is suggested that such devices could be used to detect and study the modulation process and, because they operate with massive charged particles, to perform a wide variety of new experiments and high-precision measurements.