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IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics

Frequency and Polarization Characteristics of Correlated Photon-Pair Generation Using a Silicon Wire Waveguide

K. Harada, Hiroki Takesue, Hiroshi Fukuda, Tai Tsuchizawa, T. Watanabe, Koji Yamada, 康弘都倉, Sei-ichi Itabashi

Published Nov 17, 2009• 103 citations

Abstract

We report the frequency and polarization characteristics of correlated photon pairs generated in a Si wire waveguide (SWW). We confirmed that the bandwidth for correlated photon-pair generation was at least >2.8 THz. Moreover, we carried out a classical four-wave mixing experiment using strong pump and idler lights to estimate the bandwidth for correlated photon-pair generation. The results indicated that it is possible to generate photon pairs over a bandwidth as large as ~12 THz. We also showed that the generation efficiencies of the signal and idler photons for the horizontal polarization mode were much higher than those for the vertical polarization mode. This is probably caused by the large efficiencies in the group indexes and the effective cross-sectional areas for the two polarization modes. Furthermore, the bandwidth for the correlated photon-pair generation in the vertical polarization mode was ~±1 THz, and this was much narrower than that for the horizontal polarization mode. The difference between the bandwidths of the two polarization modes indicates that the SWW dispersion for the vertical polarization mode is significantly larger than that for the horizontal polarization mode. We then confirmed that the noise photons generated by spontaneous Raman scattering in an SWW were suppressed to below the detection limit of our setup.

DOI: 10.1109/jstqe.2009.2023338

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Entangled photon pair generation is an important technology for realizing quantum information systems. Among various entangled photon pair sources, a source based on spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM) in a silicon wire waveguide (SWW) is now drawing attention. Thanks to the very large third-order nonlinearity in an SWW, we can realize highly efficient SFWM in a short ( ~ 1 cm) waveguide, which will possibly lead to an integrated entanglement source on a silicon chip. In this paper, we review recent progress on SWW-based entanglement sources. This study reviews the basic theory of SFWM, and then describes correlated and entangled photon generation experiments using SWWs and applications to quantum information experiments.

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This paper reviews recent progress on telecom-band entangled photon-pair sources based on spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM) in a silicon photonic wire waveguide. Thanks to the large third order nonlinearity of nano-scale silicon waveguides, we can generate photon pairs efficiently. Moreover, the use of silicon waveguides enable us to avoid the noise photons caused by spontaneous Raman scattering, which has been a serious problem with entanglement sources based on SFWM in dispersion shifted fiber. We successfully demonstrated high-purity time-bin and polarization entanglement generation using 1-cm long silicon waveguides.