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IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC)

Optimal control equation for quantum stochastic differential equations

Javad Sharifi, Hamidreza Momeni

Published Dec 1, 2010• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Interaction of open quantum systems with fundamental noncommutative quantum noises can be described by quantum stochastic differential equations (QSDE). These equations have a key role in quantum network analysis and design, especially for quantum information processing. Hence, in this paper, we derive a Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation for quantum stochastic differential equations. The Bellman optimality principle is developed for open quantum systems. The cost functional of quantum observable to be minimized is considered to be general noncommutative polynomial of quantum operator. Since the method directly deals with QSDE, then it is a useful tool for optimal control of quantum optical networks. In addition, we will exhibit some electro-optical and all-optical feedback control schematics for implementation of quantum control based on QSDEs.

DOI
10.1109/cdc.2010.5717172

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Interaction of open quantum systems with fundamental noncommutative quantum noises can be described by quantum stochastic differential equations (QSDE). These equations have a key role in quantum network analysis and design, especially for quantum information processing. Hence, in this paper, we derive a Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation for quantum stochastic differential equations. The Bellman optimality principle is developed for open quantum systems. The cost functional of quantum observable to be minimized is considered to be general noncommutative polynomial of quantum operator. Since the method directly deals with QSDE, then it is a useful tool for optimal control of quantum optical networks. In addition, we will exhibit some electro-optical and all-optical feedback control schematics for implementation of quantum control based on QSDEs.
We exploit the separation of the filtering and control aspects of quantum feedback control to consider the optimal control as a classical stochastic problem on the space of quantum states. We derive the corresponding Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations using the elementary arguments of classical control theory and show that this is equivalent, in the Stratonovich calculus, to a stochastic Hamilton-Pontryagin setup. We show that, for cost functionals that are linear in the state, the theory yields the traditional Bellman equations treated so far in quantum feedback.
We develop dynamical programming methods for the purpose of optimal control of quantum states with convex constraints and concave cost and bequest functions of the quantum state. We consider both open loop and feedback control schemes, which correspond, respectively, to deterministic and stochastic master equation dynamics. For the quantum feedback control scheme with continuous nondemolition observations, we exploit the separation theorem of filtering and control aspects for quantum stochastic dynamics to derive a generalized Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation. If the control is restricted to only Hamiltonian terms this is equivalent to a Hamilton-Jacobi equation with an extra linear dissipative term. In this work, we consider, in particular, the case when control is restricted only to observation. A controlled qubit is considered as an example throughout the development of the formalism. Finally, we discuss optimum observation strategies to obtain a pure state from a mixed state of a quantum two-level system.
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A brief account of the quantum information dynamics and dynamical programming methods for optimal control of quantum unstable systems is given to both open loop and feedback control schemes corresponding respectively to deterministic and stochastic semi-Markov dynamics of stable or unstable systems. For the quantum feedback control scheme, we exploit the separation theorem of filtering and control aspects as in the usual case of quantum stable systems with non-demolition observation. This allows us to start with the Belavkin quantum filtering equation generalized to demolition observations and derive the generalized Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation using standard arguments of classical control theory. This is equivalent to a Hamilton-Jacobi equation with an extra linear dissipative term if the control is restricted to Hamiltonian terms in the filtering equation. An unstable controlled qubit is considered as an example throughout the development of the formalism. Finally, we discuss optimum observation strategies to obtain a pure quantum qubit state from a mixed one.