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Conference on Information Sciences and Systems

Construction of Quasi-Cyclic LDPC Codes Based on the Primitive Elements of Finite Fields

Shumei Song, Lan Lan, Shu Lin, Khaled Abdel-Ghaffar

Published Mar 1, 2006• 11 citations
Publisher

Abstract

This paper presents an algebraic method for constructing quasi-cyclic LDPC codes based on the primitive elements of finite fields. The construction gives a class of efficiently encodable quasi-cyclic LDPC codes. Experimental results show that the constructed codes decoded with iterative decoding using the sum-product algorithm perform well over the AWGN channel.

DOI
10.1109/ciss.2006.286583

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This paper presents an algebraic method for constructing quasi-cyclic LDPC codes based on the primitive elements of finite fields. The construction gives a class of efficiently encodable quasi-cyclic LDPC codes. Experimental results show that the constructed codes decoded with iterative decoding using the sum-product algorithm perform well over the AWGN channel.
Recently, there have been major developments in utilizing the finite fields to construct Low-density Parity-check (LDPC) codes. In this correspondence, an algebraic approach based on the conjugates of primitive elements over finite fields to construct Quasi-Cyclic (QC) Low-Density Parity-Check codes is presented. Proposed QC-LDPC codes provide an excellent error performance with Belief Propagation (BP) decoding over an Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel. Based on numerical results, the performance analysis shows that the proposed QC-LDPC codes perform as well as the randomly constructed Progressive edge growth (PEG) LDPC codes and algebraic QC-LDPC in the lower signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) region but outperform their counterparts in the higher SNR region. Also, the codes constructed are QC in nature, so the encoding can be done with shift register circuits having linear complexity.
In this paper, we present two algebraic methods for constructing Quasi-Cyclic LDPC codes. The first method is based on the quadratic residues modulo p (where p is a prime), the second method is based on the multiplicative inverses in finite fields. The codes constructed based on these methods are efficiently encodable and have a girth at least 6. Simulation results show that with SPA decoding, the constructed codes based on our methods perform very well over the AWGN channel compared to some other types of famous codes, such as random Mackay code or extended EG-LDPC code recommended by NASA.
Quasi-cyclic LDPC codes are the most promising class of structured LDPC codes due to their ease of implementation and excellent performance over noisy channels when decoded with message-passing algorithms as extensive simulation studies have shown. In this paper, an approach for constructing quasi-cyclic LDPC codes based on Latin squares over finite fields is presented. By analyzing the parity-check matrices of these codes, combinatorial expressions for their ranks and dimensions are derived. Experimental results show that, with iterative decoding algorithms, the constructed codes perform very well over the AWGN and the binary erasure channels.
A new class of quasi-cyclic LDPC codes whose parity-check matrices are arrays of circulant permutation matrices constructed based on cyclic subgroups of finite fields is presented. This class of codes contains several known classes of algebraic quasi-cyclic LDPC codes as subclasses. Experimental results show that the codes constructed perform very well over the AWGN channel when decoded with iterative decoding based on belief propagation. This class of new QC-LDPC codes contains a subclass of codes which have large minimum distances. Combinatorial expressions for the ranks of the parity-check matrices of a subclass of codes constructed based on fields of characteristic two are given.