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Modern Physics Letters B

Influence of spin exchange anisotropy on phase diagram of the one-dimensional t-U-V-J⊥-Jz model

Er-Yin Lin, Hanqin Ding, Jun Zhang

Published Apr 7, 2014• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper, we study analytically a one-dimensional half-filled Hubbard model with nearest-neighbor Coulomb repulsion (V) and anisotropic spin exchange (J⊥ ≠ Jz) via the bosonization and renormalization-group (RG) techniques, and establish the rich phase diagrams based on the charge-spin separation hypothesis in the weak-coupling regime. The spin exchange anisotropy induces a non-critical behavior of spin correlations. The result indicates that the spin exchange anisotropy has an important impact on the topological phase diagram of the 1D extended Hubbard model.

DOI
10.1142/s0217984914500699

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In this paper, we study analytically a one-dimensional half-filled Hubbard model with nearest-neighbor Coulomb repulsion (V) and anisotropic spin exchange (J⊥ ≠ Jz) via the bosonization and renormalization-group (RG) techniques, and establish the rich phase diagrams based on the charge-spin separation hypothesis in the weak-coupling regime. The spin exchange anisotropy induces a non-critical behavior of spin correlations. The result indicates that the spin exchange anisotropy has an important impact on the topological phase diagram of the 1D extended Hubbard model.
A half-filled one-dimensional (1D) extended Hubbard model (U-V_⊥-V_∥) with on-site and nearest-neighbor spin-dependent interactions is studied analytically. The ground state phase diagram is obtained in the weak-coupling regime by performing the bosonization and renormalization group methods. The result shows that the nearest-neighbor spin-dependent attraction influences the low-energy physics of the 1D correlated electron system, and changes the topological structure of the ground state phase diagram of the U-V model.
Using the low-energy effective field theory scenario combined Abelian bosonization and renormalization-group techniques, we study the Hubbard chain with additional anisotropic nearest-neighbor and isotropic next-nearest-neighbor spin exchanges J and J′ in the weak-coupling regime. The spin correlations are non-critical due to the anisotropic J (Jxy ≠ Jz). The frustrating antiferromagnetic exchange J′ leads to an enhancement of the dimerized phase and induces a long-range charge-density-wave (CDW) phase. For smaller values of J′ (J′ < 2U/3), the quantum phase diagram consists of the insulating spin-density-wave ( SDW xy, SDW z) and bond-charge-density-wave (BCDW) phases and the triplet superconducting ( TS 0, TS ±) phase. For larger J′ (J′ ≥ 2U/3), a finite CDW phase appears. The result shows that the frustrated spin exchange J′ changes the topological structure of the usual t-U-J chain.
By using the field-theoretical techniques combining bosonization with renormalization group, we study a one-dimensional (1D) model of interacting electrons with on-site repulsion (U > 0), nearest-neighbor (nn) exchange (J) and correlated-hopping (t2, t3) interactions at weak coupling. In the case of a half-filled band, the two-body interaction t2 does not influence phase diagram of the model, while the presence of three-body interaction t3 makes the physics of the system highly non-trivial. By a Hartree–Fock decoupling, the effects of t3 bring about hopping of pairs, V-like (nn Coulomb interaction) and isotropic exchange terms in the reduced model Hamiltonian. Interestingly, a negative t3 provides a possibility for the occurrence of the triplet superconductivity in 1D system with purely repulsive interactions (U, J > 0). The ground state phase diagram including the insulating and superconducting phases is discussed analytically.
By using the bosonization approach and the weak-coupling renormalization group (RG) techniques, we study the phase diagram of one-dimensional half-filled t–U–J model parametrized by exchange anisotropy λ (0 ≤ λ ≤ 2) in the weak-coupling regime. In the case of anisotropic antiferromagnetic exchange (J > 0) and on-site repulsion (U > 0), the ground state is characterized by the spin-density-wave (SDW) and bond-charge-density-wave (BCDW) insulating phases. We identify the SDW correlation corresponding to the transverse SDW± phases with a gapless spin excitation (Δs=0) for λ < 4/3 and to the longitudinal SDWz phase with a spin gap (Δs > 0) for λ > 4/3, respectively. The charge excitation is always gapped (Δc > 0) in the whole regime, and the BCDW and SDWz phases show a long-range order. We also examine effects of the nonlocal Umklapp scattering of parallel-spin electrons, which play a role to weaken the BCDW phase and to enhance the SDW phase slightly. The results demonstrate that the properties of our model are not identical with those of the conventional t–U–J model.
We study the phase diagram of a one-dimensional extended Hubbard model with antiferromagnetic exchange interaction analytically and numerically. The bosonization and transfer-matrix renormalization group methods are used in the corresponding coupling regimes. At half-filling, the system is a Mott insulator with a finite spin excitation gap if the on-site Coulomb repulsion is fairly smaller than the antiferromagnetic exchange JJJ. This Mott insulator is characterized by the bond-charge-density-wave order or spontaneously dimerization. In the weak-coupling regime where the spin-charge separation holds approximately, the critical point separating the gapless and gapped spin liquid phases is ${U}_{c}\ensuremath{\sim}J∕2$. However, as JJJ increases, the spin-charge couplings become important and the critical point Uc{U}_{c}Uc​ is significantly suppressed and eventually tends to zero as $J\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\infty}$. Away from half-filling, the charge gap completely collapses but the spin gap persists.
Using the field theoretical bosonization and renormalization group techniques, we analytically study quantum phase diagram of a one-dimensional half-filled extended Hubbard model with on-site (U) and spin-dependent nearest-neighbor interactions (V⊥, V‖) in the weak coupling regime. In the case of easy-plane anisotropy (V⊥ > V‖) and at V‖ < U/2, the existence of bond-ordered spin-density-wave phase, corresponding to spin gapless transverse magnetization located on bonds (BSDW±) is shown.