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Chinese Physics Letters

Continuous Variable Entanglement and Violation of Bell Inequality for Two Modes in a Three-Level Cascade Atomic System

Yunxia Ping, Ze Cheng

Published Feb 19, 2007• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Continuous variable entanglement and violation of Bell inequality for two modes are investigated in a three-level cascade atomic system. Entanglement of the system is demonstrated according to the entanglement criterion [Phys. Rev. Lett. 84 (2000) 2722]. Violation of Bell inequality is studied within the framework of a quantum theory of multiwave mixing. It is shown that there are some states that are entangled but do not violate the Bell inequality.

DOI
10.1088/0256-307x/24/3/007

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Continuous variable entanglement and violation of Bell inequality for two modes are investigated in a three-level cascade atomic system. Entanglement of the system is demonstrated according to the entanglement criterion [Phys. Rev. Lett. 84 (2000) 2722]. Violation of Bell inequality is studied within the framework of a quantum theory of multiwave mixing. It is shown that there are some states that are entangled but do not violate the Bell inequality.
We investigate violation of Cauchy–Schwarz and Bell inequalities in two-mode three-level cascade system with injected atomic coherence in the framework of quantum theory of multiwave mixing. We show that Cauchy–Schwarz inequality is strongly violated when there is strong entanglement in the system. It also appears that Bell inequality is violated in the region where there is weak entanglement and well-preserved where there is strong entanglement in the system. We thus note that there are states which are entangled but do not violate Bell inequality. We also show that this system can be used to prepare states that exhibit EPR correlations.
A Bell inequality is a fundamental test to rule out local hidden variable model descriptions of correlations between two physically separated systems. There have been a number of experiments in which a Bell inequality has been violated using discrete-variable systems. We demonstrate a violation of Bell's inequality using continuous variable quadrature measurements. By creating a four-mode entangled state with homodyne detection, we recorded a clear violation with a Bell value of B=2.31±0.02. This opens new possibilities for using continuous variable states for device independent quantum protocols.
A continuous-variable Bell inequality, valid for an arbitrary number of observers measuring observables with an arbitrary number of outcomes, was recently introduced [Cavalcanti, Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 210405 (2007)10.1103/PhysRevLett.99.210405]. We prove that any n-mode quantum state violating this inequality with quadrature measurements necessarily has a negative partial transposition. Our results thus establish the first link between nonlocality and bound entanglement for continuous-variable systems.