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IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ICIEA)

Approach of large satellites networks communications based on quantum transmissions

Skander Aris, Abderraouf Messai, Malek Benslama, Merabtine Nadjim

Published Jun 1, 2011• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

At first sight, quantum key distribution (QKD) through the atmosphere (“free space”), might appear to be a very much more challenging problem than QKD with weak laser pulses in optical fiber: the transmitter and receiver must reliably acquire, point, and track each other to establish and maintain the quantum channel. We report approach development of a quantum cryptographic networks for secure space communication, including a Quantum photon source and a pulse laser source. Through that can be used to encrypt classical message, it will allow the development of global communication with unprecedented security. The essential work carried in our research paper concerns a new idea in satellites transmission whit implement of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) algorithm based on photon encrypted code, including to reduce the telecommunication interruption risks and this will provide indeed a better free space communication quality.

DOI
10.1109/iciea.2011.5976010

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At first sight, quantum key distribution (QKD) through the atmosphere (“free space”), might appear to be a very much more challenging problem than QKD with weak laser pulses in optical fiber: the transmitter and receiver must reliably acquire, point, and track each other to establish and maintain the quantum channel. We report approach development of a quantum cryptographic networks for secure space communication, including a Quantum photon source and a pulse laser source. Through that can be used to encrypt classical message, it will allow the development of global communication with unprecedented security. The essential work carried in our research paper concerns a new idea in satellites transmission whit implement of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) algorithm based on photon encrypted code, including to reduce the telecommunication interruption risks and this will provide indeed a better free space communication quality.
Quantum Satellite Communications is a novel branch of transmissions which exploit quantum cryptography phenomena to guarantee the secrecy of quantum cryptographic keys. We report on the development of a Quantum Cryptographic Networks for approach to more secure space communications, including a Handover or Handoff systems and a faint pulse laser source. Through that can be used to encrypt classical message, it will allow the development of global communication with unprecedented security. A big step in the communications from the public service links between users all over the surface of the earth, how it is a major concern for all researchers to improve the yield and quality of telecommunications satellite in the world by improving the characteristics of the handover to achieve global coverage. The essential work carried in our research paper concerns approach development to implement Quantum Communications in satellite constellations networks, in object to reduce the telecommunication interruption risks and this will provide indeed of better free space communication quality.
The use of LEO satellite systems has become widespread throughout the world, not only from the services standpoint but in large scale communication networks as well, as they make it possible to communicate from any point of the globe. Lately, the communications in the satellite field have been markedly developed thanks to the Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites and GEO satellite orbit. This paper deals with the main survey of these networks by a demonstration of satellite constellations constitutions and the different interfering factors, namely the number of satellites in each orbit, modelling the HANDCHECK problems or Handover satellite probably blocking. In order to preserve the information, to make sure that a seamless communication between two satellite zones is ensured the Hand check should continuously be present in satellite networks. Although the achievement of such schemes is routine work in the laboratory, nontrivial problems emerge in long-distance applications. At present, the only suitable system for long-distance quantum communication is photons. The essential work carried out in our research laboratory concerns an approach in software development of the implementation of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) Networks with LEO orbit satellites and a reduction of the telecommunication interruption risks, which indeed will provide a better communication quality.
Quantum cryptography, or more specifically quantum key distribution (QKD), is the first offspring of quantum information that has reached the stage of real-world application. Its security is based on the fact that a possible spy (Eve, the eavesdropper) cannot obtain information about the bits that Alice sends to Bob, without introducing perturbations. Therefore authorized partners can detect the spy by estimating the amount of error in their lists. The central objective of this paper is to implement and improve practical systems for quantum cryptography. The essential work carried in our research laboratory concerns the software development to implement of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) Network based on LEO orbit number and reduce the telecommunication interruption risks and this will provide indeed a better communication quality, and investigations into the causes of losses in the system and attempts to minimize the quantum bit error rate (QBER).
Problem statement: The security of the telecommunications satellite has become a crucial issue.The telecommunications can be set using the classical cryptography.But this so-called classical cryptography provides cryptographic security.This means that security is based on the difficulty of some mathematics problems.On the other hand, quantum cryptography provides security without conditions based on the law of quantum physics.This method, called the theoretic information security is evidenced using the theory of information.Approach: In this study, we study whether quantum cryptography can be applied in the frame of the satellite telecommunications network.To do this in our project, we present theories regarding the following issues: Telecommunications Station and Satellite Communication Networks, Quantum Key Distribution, Open Space and Satellites, Analyses in different Scenarios between the Satellite and Earth station.Results: Quantum communications offers many advantages for secure data transmission, in our implementation study, we presented different scenarios of quantum key exchange between satellites and ground stations for possible approach to subsystem with quantum communication in space, capable of generating and detecting entangled photons as well as faint laser pulses.Conclusion: The use of satellites to distribute quantum photon provides a unique solution for long-distance.Moreover, quantum cryptography is a satisfactory solution to improve the safety problem.So, the quantum transmissions are the future of telecommunications.
Due to the recent rapid growth of computing technologies, today's encrypted information based on classical computational complexities will soon no longer remain secure. Quantum cryptography, or quantum key distribution (QKD), relying on the physical laws of quantum mechanics, stands out as a more powerful cryptographic solution that enables the secret key to be shared securely over publicly unsecured communication channels in the presence of eavesdroppers. QKD can be possibly implemented over both optical fiber and free-space optical (FSO) links. Compared to optical fiber, FSO has the immediate advantage of flexibility and cost-effectiveness in terms of infrastructure deployment. More interestingly, recent advancements in satellite communications using FSO links promise the future of a global QKD network for highly secure applications. This paper reviews the development of QKD over FSO for both terrestrial and satellite channels, which highlights the most up-to-date QKD protocols. Owing to how the information is encoded, different QKD protocols are classified into technology-focused categories, where their properties are reviewed and compared. The feasibility of current QKD protocols is then investigated with respect to its specific application scenarios for terrestrial and satellite FSO links, equipped with results from both theoretical and experimental studies. Based on the latest free-space QKD achievements, novel perspectives for future developments and challenges to enhance the secrecy performance and reduce implementation cost are then summarized and comprehensively discussed. The potential combination of QKD and physical layer cryptography for the newly emerging wireless mobile communications networks involved with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) is also introduced.
Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) directly exploits the quantum phenomenon of entanglement to allow the secure sharing of a cryptographic key for information encoding. The current generation of QKD devices typically operate over dedicated and expensive private ‘dark fiber’ networks, where they are limited in transmission range to 200-300km due to the lack of quantum repeaters. This paper is concerned with an alternative approach that can lift this range limit by exploiting QKD over free-space links between satellites. Typically, commercial QKD systems rely on phase encoding of information on single photons, and more recently on continuously variable schemes with more powerful lasers. However, these protocols are not suitable for communications through atmosphere. On the other hand, QKD by polarization-entanglement holds great promise for satellite-based QKD encoded communications links if the entangledphoton source can be packaged in a compact, robust and commercially-viable form. This paper will describe the development and packaging of an entangled-photon source utilizing space-qualified telecoms packaging techniques, resulting in a compact device that targets satellite deployment. The key design choices that impact performance in a space environment will be discussed and the results of device characterization in the laboratory environment will be shared.