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The European Physical Journal D

Vacuum Rabi splitting for multilevel electromagnetically induced transparency system

Amitabh Joshi, Min Xiao

Published Sep 1, 2004• 13 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1140/epjd/e2004-00106-3

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Frontiers in Physics•Feb 24, 2022•13 citations
Summary form only given. We consider a single two-level atom inside a resonant optical cavity, with cavity loss rate K, atomic fluorescence rate into noncavity modes A, and atom-field coupling g. For large atom cavity coupling (g>A, K) and weak driving fields, the fluorescence from this system exhibits a splitting of the spectral line, known as vacuum-Rabi splitting. When the cavity loss rate is the largest rate in the problem (K>A, g), the fluorescent spectrum is Lorentzian with a cavity-enhanced width. We examine the regime where A>g>K, and find that the spectrum exhibits a hole at line center as a result of quantum interference effects. This effect is formally identical to the phenomenon of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in multilevel atomic systems. We discuss the relationship of these spectral holes to the presence of squeezing in the intracavity field, and present results also for the emission spectra, and incoherent spectra in transmission and fluorescence.
Abstract We demonstrate experimental observation of vacuum Rabi splitting (VRS) of four-wave mixing and six-wave mixing in a collective five-level atomic-cavity coupling system. We study the control of VRS via changing the dressing effect of the vacuum cavity mode; i.e., the cavity mode dressing effect can selectively split the right or left peak when cavity-atom detuning and atom number N are changed. We further report that the cavity window and two electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) windows induced by the dressing field interfere with each other because of different two-photon conditions they satisfy. Additionally, we investigate the self-dressing field effect on VRS of six-wave mixing (SWM) inside the cavity. Such investigation results can find application in all-optical switches and optical communications.
We report a scheme for enhancing microwave electric field measurement by cavity-assisted Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency in the 87Rb coherent atomic system. The vacuum Rabi splitting appears when the probe field is strongly coupled with intracavity atoms. The cavity-assisted electromagnetically induced transparency with dual-peak profile is observed as a strong coupling laser is further introduced into the optical ring cavity. The optimal atomic density, resulting in an appropriate vacuum Rabi splitting interval and cavity-assisted electromagnetically induced transparency amplitude, is determined for the coupling effect criterion of the probe field and intracavity atoms. Finally, the cavity-assisted electromagnetically induced transparency is employed to accurately measure the microwave electric field strength, and a measurement sensitivity factor of about 2 is improved owing to an enhanced photon–atom interaction. This study is beneficial for the development of compact, broadband, and self-calibrating microwave receivers.