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IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM)

Optimal strategies for countering dual-threat jamming/eavesdropping-capable adversaries in MIMO channels

Amitav Mukherjee, Arnold Lee Swindlehurst

Published Oct 1, 2010• 32 citations
Publisher

Abstract

This paper investigates transmission strategies in a MIMO wiretap channel with a transmitter, receiver and wiretapper, each equipped with multiple antennas. In a departure from existing work, the wiretapper is able to act either as a passive eavesdropper or as an active jammer per channel use, under a half-duplex constraint. The transmitter therefore faces a choice between dynamically allocating all of its power for data; or broadcasting artificial noise along with the information signal in order to selectively degrade the eavesdropper's channel. We model the network as a zero-sum game in strategic form with the MIMO secrecy rate as the payoff function. We first carry out a detailed analysis of the various rate outcomes that result from the possible actions of the agents. We then discuss the conditions for equilibrium outcomes in the strategic form of the game. Finally, numerical simulations are presented to corroborate the analytical results.

DOI
10.1109/milcom.2010.5680228

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•Mar 7, 2008•1 citation
This paper investigates transmission strategies in a MIMO wiretap channel with a transmitter, receiver and wiretapper, each equipped with multiple antennas. In a departure from existing work, the wiretapper is able to act either as a passive eavesdropper or as an active jammer per channel use, under a half-duplex constraint. The transmitter therefore faces a choice between dynamically allocating all of its power for data; or broadcasting artificial noise along with the information signal in order to selectively degrade the eavesdropper's channel. We model the network as a zero-sum game in strategic form with the MIMO secrecy rate as the payoff function. We first carry out a detailed analysis of the various rate outcomes that result from the possible actions of the agents. We then discuss the conditions for equilibrium outcomes in the strategic form of the game. Finally, numerical simulations are presented to corroborate the analytical results.
This paper investigates reliable and covert transmission strategies in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wiretap channel with a transmitter, receiver and an adversarial wiretapper, each equipped with multiple antennas. In a departure from existing work, the wiretapper possesses a novel capability to act either as a passive eavesdropper or as an active jammer, under a half-duplex constraint. The transmitter therefore faces a choice between allocating all of its power for data, or broadcasting artificial interference along with the information signal in an attempt to jam the eavesdropper (assuming its instantaneous channel state is unknown). To examine the resulting trade-offs for the legitimate transmitter and the adversary, we model their interactions as a two-person zero-sum game with the ergodic MIMO secrecy rate as the payoff function. We first examine conditions for the existence of pure-strategy Nash equilibria (NE) and the structure of mixed-strategy NE for the strategic form of the game. We then derive equilibrium strategies for the extensive form of the game where players move sequentially under scenarios of perfect and imperfect information. Finally, numerical simulations are presented to examine the equilibrium outcomes of the various scenarios considered.
This paper investigates transmission strategies in a MIMO wiretap channel with a transmitter, receiver and wiretapper, each equipped with multiple antennas. The secrecy rate between the transmitter and the legitimate receiver is chosen as the performance metric. In a departure from existing work, the wiretapper is able to act either as a passive eavesdropper or as an active jammer, under a half-duplex constraint. The transmitter therefore faces a choice between allocating all of its power for data; or broadcasting artificial noise along with the information signal in order to selectively degrade the eavesdropper's channel. We model the network as a dynamic zero-sum game in extensive form with the secrecy rate as the payoff function. We first examine subgame-perfect equilibrium strategies in the extensive form of the game with perfect information. We then discuss sequential and trembling hand perfect equilibria for the case of imperfect information. Finally, numerical simulations are presented to corroborate the analytical results.
We examine the design of a full-duplex active eaves-dropper in the 3-user MIMOME wiretap channel, where all nodes are equipped with multiple antennas. The adversary intends to optimize its transmit and receive sub-arrays and jamming signal parameters so as to minimize the MIMO secrecy rate of the main channel. The full-duplex operating mode of the adversary induces self-interference at its receive sub-array, which is factored into the adversary's optimization. We characterize the worst-case jamming covariance for arbitrary and Gaussian input signaling, and develop a numerical algorithm to compute the same. We then examine sub-optimal active eavesdropping schemes that comprise essentially an antenna subset selection problem for the adversary, followed by a brief discussion of a potential countermeasure where the transmitter allocates some of its spatial dimensions for jamming the eavesdropper. Numerical results are presented to verify the efficacy of the proposed adversarial optimization algorithms.
In this paper, we investigate a four single-antenna node network, constituted of a transmitter, a receiver, a cooperative node and a wiretapper. The wiretapper has the ability to eavesdrop the communication or disrupt the transmission by jamming. This results in both cases in the decrease of the secrecy rate. The cooperative node on the other hand aims to improve secrecy by either relaying or jamming. We investigate the secrecy performance of the decode-and-forward and cooperative jamming strategies against this kind of adversary. To model the interaction between the helper and the wiretapper, we define an extensive form game, for which we derive the pure and mixed strategies equilibria. Finally, we compare the performance of the schemes and we analyze the equilibrium outcomes through simulation results.
We investigate optimal power allocation strategies over a OFDM Gaussian wiretap channels where a legitimate transmitter and a legitimate receiver communicate in the presence of an eavesdropper and a jammer-who acts as unfriendly to both the legitimate parties and the eavesdropper. In particular, we formulate a zero-sum power allocation game between the transmitter and the jammer where the payoff function is the secrecy rate. We characterize the optimal power allocation strategies as well as the Nash equilibrium in some asymptotic regimes. We also provide a set of results that cast further insight into the problem.
Gaussian wireless channels are studied under two forms of security attacks: (i) the jamming attack, where the adversary is active and transmits corruptive signal, but is not interested in the content of the communication, (ii) the eavesdropping attack, where the adversary is passive and overhears the communication and tries to obtain the message that has been transmitted. The active attack is studied in a multi-user setting. The behavior of two users and one jammer in an additive white Gaussian channel (AWGN) with and without fading is investigated, when they participate in a non-cooperative zero-sum game, with the channel's input/output mutual information as the objective function. We assume that the jammer can eavesdrop the channel and can use the information obtained to perform correlated jamming. We also differentiate between the availability of perfect and noisy information about the user signals at the jammer. Under various assumptions on the channel characteristics, and the extent of channel state information available at the users and the jammer, we show the existence, or otherwise non-existence of a simultaneously optimal set of strategies for the users and the jammer, and characterize those strategies whenever they exist. For the passive eavesdropping attack, we study multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) AWGN channels. We first consider a multiple-input single-output (MISO) channel, where the transmitter has multiple antennas, while the receiver and the eavesdropper have single antennas each. We find achievable rates for this channel. With the channel input restricted to Gaussian signalling with no pre-processing of information, optimal transmission strategies that maximize the achievable secrecy rates are found, in terms of the input covariance matrices. It is shown that, under the optimal communication strategy, the system reduces to a single-input single-output (SISO) channel. We then extend the achievability results to fading Gaussian MISO channels. Finally, as a step toward generalizing the problem to one with multiple antennas at the receiver, we discuss the Gaussian 2-2-1 channel with a transmitter and a receiver with two antennas each, and a single antenna eavesdropper. We develop an achievability scheme similar to those of the SISO and MISO channels, and further show that in fact, it achieves the secrecy capacity of this 2-2-1 channel.