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Optics Communications

Optical resolution of the hyperfine structure of the Na D lines by atomic beam absorption from a cw tunable dye laser

H. T. Duong, P. Jacquinot, Sylvain Liberman, J. L. Picqué, Jacques Pinard, Jean Vialle

Published Apr 1, 1973• 25 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/0030-4018(73)90056-4

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We have used two-photon absorption from counterpropagating laser beams of different frequencies to measure Stark shifts and splittings of the $6^{2}S$, $7^{2}S$, $8^{2}S$, $5^{2}D$, and $6^{2}D$ states in sodium. Beams from a fixed-frequency, single-mode ${\mathrm{Ar}}^{+}$ laser and a tunable, single-frequency cw dye laser were focussed into a coarse sodium atomic beam and the fluorescence was monitored. The collimation of the atomic beam reduced the residual Doppler width inherent in using two different frequencies. Using the two lasers allowed two-photon transitions to be observed at frequencies unattainable with the dye laser alone, and enhanced the transition rates due to the near resonance of the dye laser with the strong Na $3^{2}S\ensuremath{\rightarrow}3^{2}P$ transition. Our experimental results for the scalar and tensor polarizabilities, ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{0}$ and ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{2}$, agree with calculations in the Bates and Damgaard Coulomb approximation within 2% for ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{0}$ and 9% for ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{2}$. As a by-product the hyperfine-interaction constants $a$ for the $S$ states and the fine-structure intervals $\ensuremath{\delta}\ensuremath{\nu}=\frac{({E}_{\frac{3}{2}}\ensuremath{-}{E}_{\frac{5}{2}})}{h}$ for the $D$ states were obtained.

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We have measured the fine-structure splitting of the $4d^{2}D$ state of neutral sodium using high-resolution, cw, simultaneous two-photon excitation from the $3s^{2}S$ ground state. Sodium atoms in an atomic beam were excited by a single-mode, cw, tunable dye laser, and the resonance was detected by monitoring the decay fluorescence from the excited state. The fine structure of the $4d^{2}D$ state was well resolved and measured to be ${\ensuremath{\Delta}}_{\mathrm{fs}}=1025\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}6$ MHz.

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Fine Structure and Hyperfine Structure Measurements in Excited States of Alkali Atoms by Dye Laser Spectroscopy.

John W. Farley

•May 1, 1977•0 citations
We have used two-photon absorption from counterpropagating laser beams of different frequencies to measure Stark shifts and splittings of the 62S6^{2}S62S, 72S7^{2}S72S, 82S8^{2}S82S, 52D5^{2}D52D, and 62D6^{2}D62D states in sodium. Beams from a fixed-frequency, single-mode Ar+{\mathrm{Ar}}^{+}Ar+ laser and a tunable, single-frequency cw dye laser were focussed into a coarse sodium atomic beam and the fluorescence was monitored. The collimation of the atomic beam reduced the residual Doppler width inherent in using two different frequencies. Using the two lasers allowed two-photon transitions to be observed at frequencies unattainable with the dye laser alone, and enhanced the transition rates due to the near resonance of the dye laser with the strong Na $3^{2}S\ensuremath{\rightarrow}3^{2}P$ transition. Our experimental results for the scalar and tensor polarizabilities, ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{0}$ and ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{2}$, agree with calculations in the Bates and Damgaard Coulomb approximation within 2% for ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{0}$ and 9% for ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{2}$. As a by-product the hyperfine-interaction constants aaa for the SSS states and the fine-structure intervals $\ensuremath{\delta}\ensuremath{\nu}=\frac{({E}_{\frac{3}{2}}\ensuremath{-}{E}_{\frac{5}{2}})}{h}$ for the DDD states were obtained.
We have measured the fine-structure splitting of the 4d2D4d^{2}D4d2D state of neutral sodium using high-resolution, cw, simultaneous two-photon excitation from the 3s2S3s^{2}S3s2S ground state. Sodium atoms in an atomic beam were excited by a single-mode, cw, tunable dye laser, and the resonance was detected by monitoring the decay fluorescence from the excited state. The fine structure of the 4d2D4d^{2}D4d2D state was well resolved and measured to be ${\ensuremath{\Delta}}_{\mathrm{fs}}=1025\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}6$ MHz.