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Physical Review A

Nonlocal cancellation of multi-frequency-channel dispersion

Xiaolong Hu, Tian Zhong, Franco N. C. Wong, Xiang Mao, Prashanta Kharel, Zhenda Xie, Xinan Xu, Chee Wei Wong, Dirk Englund

Published Jan 6, 2015• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

We present an investigation of the temporal correlation of time-energy entangled photon pairs propagating through multi-frequency-channel dispersive media, in which photon spectra spread over multiple discrete frequency channels with dispersions. We have observed more complex coincidence structures including double coincidence envelopes and dependence on frequency detuning that are absent in the single-channel case. Our results on the correlation of the time-energy photonic entanglement in dispersive media with channel divisions would impact the fields of quantum metrology and communication.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.91.013809

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A pair of optical pulses traveling through two dispersive media will become broadened and, as a result, the degree of coincidence between the optical pulses will be reduced. For a pair of entangled photons, however, nonlocal dispersion cancellation in which the dispersion experienced by one photon cancels the dispersion experienced by the other photon is possible. In this paper, we report an experimental demonstration of nonlocal dispersion cancellation using entangled photons. The degree of two-photon coincidence is shown to increase beyond the limit attainable without entanglement. Our results have important applications in fiber-based quantum communication and quantum metrology.
A pair of optical pulses traveling through two dispersive media will become broadened and, as a result, the degree of coincidence between the optical pulses will be reduced. For a pair of entangled photons, however, nonlocal dispersion cancellation in which the dispersion experienced by one photon cancels the dispersion experienced by the other photon is possible. In this paper, we report an experimental demonstration of nonlocal dispersion cancellation using entangled photons. The degree of two-photon coincidence is shown to increase beyond the limit attainable without entanglement. Our results have important applications in fiber-based quantum communication and quantum metrology.
A pair of optical pulses traveling through two dispersive media will become broadened and, as a result, the degree of coincidence between the optical pulses will be reduced. For a pair of entangled photons, however, nonlocal dispersion cancellation in which the dispersion experienced by one photon cancels the dispersion experienced by the other photon is possible. In this paper, we report an experimental demonstration of nonlocal dispersion cancellation using entangled photons. The degree of two-photon coincidence is shown to increase beyond the limit attainable without entanglement. Our results have important applications in fiber-based quantum communication and quantum metrology.
Classically, two coincident light pulses propagating through two dispersive media will become broadened and their degree of coincidence will be reduced. When entangled photon pairs from parametric down-conversion are considered instead, it is found that the dispersion experienced by one photon can exactly cancel the dispersion experienced by the other in such a way that their coincidence is maintained. The dispersion cancellation is independent of the separation between the two photons and provides a further example of the nonlocal nature of the quantum theory.
Benefiting from the unique quantum feature of nonlocal dispersion cancellation (NDC), the strong temporal correlation of frequency-entangled photon pair source can be maintained from the unavoidable dispersive propagation. It has thus played a major role in many fiber-based quantum information applications. However, the limit of NDC due to finite frequency entanglement has not been quantified. In this study, we provide a full theoretical analysis of the NDC characteristics for the photon pairs with finite frequency entanglement. Experimental examinations were conducted by using two spontaneous parametric down-conversion photon pair sources with frequency correlation and anticorrelation properties. The excellent agreement demonstrates the fundamental limit on the minimum temporal correlation width by the nonzero two-photon spectral correlation width of the paired photons, which introduces an inevitable broadening by interaction with the dispersion in the signal path. This study provides an easily accessible tool for assessing and optimizing the NDC in various quantum information applications.