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Journal of the Optical Society of America B

Relation between photon statistics and pumping fluctuations in a dye laser

T. S. Kim, E. C. Gage, L. Mandeļ

Published Aug 1, 1988• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Measurements of the photon-number fluctuations in a single-mode dye jet laser are compared with solutions of the equations of motion with colored pumping and white spontaneous-emission noise. A search of parameter space for best agreement between theory and experiment shows that the experimental results cannot be well modeled by a theory with white pumping noise, although the correlation time is small, but can be modeled with colored noise. This emphasizes the importance of not treating the pumping fluctuations as δ correlated, even for time-independent quantities.

DOI
10.1364/josab.5.001596

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Measurements of the photon-number fluctuations in a single-mode dye jet laser are compared with solutions of the equations of motion with colored pumping and white spontaneous-emission noise. A search of parameter space for best agreement between theory and experiment shows that the experimental results cannot be well modeled by a theory with white pumping noise, although the correlation time is small, but can be modeled with colored noise. This emphasizes the importance of not treating the pumping fluctuations as δ correlated, even for time-independent quantities.
Recent theoretical analyses of the single-mode laser with colored-noise pump fluctuations have allowed the detailed prediction of the short-time behavior of the intensity autocorrelations of such a laser. In particular, a rounding off of the intensity correlation function on the time scale of the correlation time of the pump fluctuations has been predicted. We present results from experiments performed on a single-mode dye-laser system that clearly confirm these predictions. Numerical simulations of the laser Langevin equations including the colored-noise pump fluctuations are used to fit the experimental results.
A single-mode dye-laser model incorporating pump white noise through gain-parameter fluctuations is analyzed. It includes a fluctuating saturation term. Intensity fluctuations, a first-order-like transition, and intensity correlation functions are calculated and discussed. It is found that effects previously claimed to be a consequence of the presence of colored noise in the context of loss-noise models can be also explained by white gain noise, except for the existence of two time regimes in the early decay of intensity correlation functions.
Statistical properties of dye laser transients are analyzed by first-passage-time technique. Both pump and quantum fluctuations effece the establishment of steady states in a dye laser. These two kinds of noise play different roles in laser transients. Meanwhile it is difficult to discern them since the pump fluctuations are six orders of magnitude larger than the quantum noise. In this paper a model of single mode dye laser with pump fluctuations simplified by white noise is presented and the analytic results of the mean, variance and skewness of first-passage-time distributions are obtained through a Fokker-Planck equation. Compared with experimental measurements and curves from Monte Carlo simulations, excellent agreement is obtained.
We investigate the statistical properties of two single-mode dye-laser models—the colored-loss-noise model and the colored-gain-noise model. Analytic expressions of the probability, the mean and the variance of the steady-state laser intensity are obtained through the unified expansion theory [Phys. Rev. A43 (1991) 700]. By comparison we find that when the cavity decay rate for the electric field is large and the pump parameter is small, the differences of the results of the two laser models are small. Otherwise, the differences are large. And the correlation time of the noise has very obvious influence on the results of the two models.