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International Journal of Modern Physics E

PARTICLE-PARTICLE HOLE-HOLE TDA – AND BEYOND – FOR THE NUCLEAR PAIRING HAMILTONIAN

HERVÉ MOLIQUE, J. Dudek

Published Feb 1, 2007• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A comparison of different seniority zero solutions to the picket-fence model for the nuclear pairing hamiltonian problem is performed. These solutions are calculated, in the normal regime, within the self-consistent Random Phase Approximation (SCRPA) and various simplifications of this formalism, and also with the Tamm-Dancoff approach in the particle-particle-hole-hole channel (pphh-TDA). The latter formalism represents a first approximation to the earlier developped so-called P-Symmetric Many-Body method (PSY-MB). In the superfluid regime, the solutions are compared with the BCS results. By comparing the results with the exact ones, obtained by the Richardson method, it is shown that the PSY-MB method provides a powerful tool in solving the problem with good accuracy both in the normal and the superfluid regime, for single-particle space sizes adapted to typical nuclear structure calculations.

DOI
10.1142/s0218301307005739

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A comparison of different seniority zero solutions to the picket-fence model for the nuclear pairing hamiltonian problem is performed. These solutions are calculated, in the normal regime, within the self-consistent Random Phase Approximation (SCRPA) and various simplifications of this formalism, and also with the Tamm-Dancoff approach in the particle-particle-hole-hole channel (pphh-TDA). The latter formalism represents a first approximation to the earlier developped so-called P-Symmetric Many-Body method (PSY-MB). In the superfluid regime, the solutions are compared with the BCS results. By comparing the results with the exact ones, obtained by the Richardson method, it is shown that the PSY-MB method provides a powerful tool in solving the problem with good accuracy both in the normal and the superfluid regime, for single-particle space sizes adapted to typical nuclear structure calculations.
The self-consistent random-phase approximation (SCRPA) is extended to nonzero temperature. Within the SCRPA, the collective dynamics of nucleon pairs is built on the occupation numbers that deviate from the Fermi-Dirac distribution as a result of temperature-dependent correlations beyond the RPA. The equations for single-particle occupation numbers are derived using the method of the double-time Green's functions. The approach is applied to the Richardson model of pairing. The results of numerical calculations for energies of states and occupation numbers, as well as for the thermodynamic quantities such as the excitation energy and heat capacity of the system, are compared with those obtained within the conventional RPA and the perturbative thermal SCRPA and with the exact results. We find that, overall, the SCRPA offers a better agreement with the exact results.
Exact eigenstates of the pairing-force Hamiltonian have been calculated for 2N2N2N particles in 2N2N2N equispaced, doubly degenerate single-particle levels for N=4,8,12,and16N=4, 8, 12, \mathrm{and} 16N=4,8,12,and16. The states calculated are the ground state and the first two excited seniority-zero and seniority-two states. These states were calculated for values of the interaction strength that give pairing energies that are typical of nuclear systems. Numerical results are given for the energies and occupation probabilities of these states and are compared with the corresponding results of the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) theory. It is shown that the BCS theory is a worse approximation for the larger values of NNN than it is for the smaller values, with errors as high as 140% (20%) for the excitation energies of the seniority-zero (-two) states. The methods used in the calculation of these states are outlined.
Over time, many different theories and approaches have been developed to tackle the many-body problem in quantum chemistry, condensed-matter physics, and nuclear physics. Here we use the helium atom, a real system rather than a model, and we use the exact solution of its Schrödinger equation as a benchmark for comparison between methods. We present new results beyond the random-phase approximation (RPA) from a renormalized RPA (r-RPA) in the framework of the self-consistent RPA (SCRPA) originally developed in nuclear physics, and compare them with various other approaches like configuration interaction (CI), quantum Monte Carlo (QMC), time-dependent density-functional theory (TDDFT), and the Bethe-Salpeter equation on top of the GW approximation. Most of the calculations are consistently done on the same footing, e.g. using the same basis set, in an effort for a most faithful comparison between methods.
Over time, many different theories and approaches have been developed to tackle the many-body problem in quantum chemistry, condensed-matter physics, and nuclear physics. Here we use the helium atom, a real system rather than a model, and we use the exact solution of its Schrödinger equation as a benchmark for comparison between methods. We present new results beyond the random-phase approximation (RPA) from a renormalized RPA (r-RPA) in the framework of the self-consistent RPA (SCRPA) originally developed in nuclear physics, and compare them with various other approaches like configuration interaction (CI), quantum Monte Carlo (QMC), time-dependent density-functional theory (TDDFT), and the Bethe-Salpeter equation on top of the \boldsymbol{GW} 𝐆 𝐖 approximation. Most of the calculations are consistently done on the same footing, e.g. using the same basis set, in an effort for a most faithful comparison between methods.
The exact solution of the reduced pairing Hamiltonian is compared to the BCS mean field approximation for low particle numbers in finite systems. A combination of two different methods for solving the Richardson equations is presented. One of the methods originally intended to be solved analytically is instead adapted to a numerical scheme. The comparison includes the pairing gap parameter, as approximated by the three-point formula in the exact solution, and a microcanonical investigation of systems with levels of varying degeneracies. The gaps as calculated within the two approaches is found to deviate more and more from each other with increasing pairing strength. However testing the three-point-formula with the BCS approximation suggests that this might be due to the formula itself. Furthermore the BCS approximation, when re-evaluating the gap for each excitation, does a very good job at reproducing the energy spectra as obtained for the Richardson solution of the highly excited states where the pairing effects are small. However for the low lying excitations the assessment is not so good. When keeping the gap constant for all excitations the excitation spectra of the BCS approximation broaden a lot more than that of the exact method. This procedure gives unreasonable results for the systems and low particle numbers considered.