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Progress In Electromagnetics Research M

DIRECTIONAL SENSITIVE MODULATION SIGNAL TRANSMITTED BY MONOPULSE CASSEGRAIN ANTENNA FOR PHYSICAL LAYER SECURE COMMUNICATION

Tao Hong, Maozhong Song, Yu Liu

Published Jan 1, 2011• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The broadcast nature of the wireless medium makes the communication over this medium vulnerable to eavesdropping. In this paper, we propose a directional sensitive modulation signal transmitted by Monopulse Cassegrain antenna for physical (PHY) layer security transmission. The main idea is that the sum beam transmit communication signal, simultaneously, and two difierence beams transmit artiflcial noise to guarantee secure transmission of the sum beam. The eavesdropper's channel is degraded by artiflcial noise, but the desired receiver's channel does not afiect because of the spatial orthogonality between the sum beam and two difierence beams. In this way, the desired receiver can demodulate the communication signal while the eavesdroppers learn almost nothing about the information from its observations. A closed-form expression of the secrecy capacity is also derived for this practical transmit scheme from the viewpoint of information theoretic. Finally, simulation results show that the proposed signal can signiflcantly improve the performance of secure wireless communications.

DOI
10.2528/pierm11010501

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The broadcast nature of the wireless medium makes the communication over this medium vulnerable to eavesdropping. In this paper, we propose a directional sensitive modulation signal transmitted by Monopulse Cassegrain antenna for physical (PHY) layer security transmission. The main idea is that the sum beam transmit communication signal, simultaneously, and two difierence beams transmit artiflcial noise to guarantee secure transmission of the sum beam. The eavesdropper's channel is degraded by artiflcial noise, but the desired receiver's channel does not afiect because of the spatial orthogonality between the sum beam and two difierence beams. In this way, the desired receiver can demodulate the communication signal while the eavesdroppers learn almost nothing about the information from its observations. A closed-form expression of the secrecy capacity is also derived for this practical transmit scheme from the viewpoint of information theoretic. Finally, simulation results show that the proposed signal can signiflcantly improve the performance of secure wireless communications.
In this paper, a dual-polarized phased array based polarization state modulation method is proposed to enhance the physical-layer security in millimeter-wave (mm-wave) communication systems. Indeed, we utilize two polarized beams to transmit the two components of the polarized signal, respectively. By randomly selecting the transmitting antennas, both the amplitude and the phase of two beams vary randomly in undesired directions, which lead to the PM constellation structure distortion in side lobes, thus the transmission security is enhanced since the symbol error rate increases at the eavesdropper side. To enhance the security performance when the eavesdropper is close to the legitimate receiver and located in main beam, the artificial noise based on the orthogonal vector approach is inserted randomly between two polarized beams, which can further distort the constellation structure in undesired directions and improve the secrecy capacity in main beam as well. Finally, theoretical analysis and simulation results demonstrate the proposed method can improve the transmission security in mm-wave communication systems.
In this paper, a practical wireless transmission scheme is proposed to transmit confidential messages to the desired user securely and precisely by the joint use of multiple techniques, including artificial noise (AN) projection, phase alignment/beamforming, and random subcarrier selection (RSCS) based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), and directional modulation (DM), namely RSCS-OFDM-DM. This RSCS-OFDM-DM scheme provides an extremely low-complexity structure for the desired receiver and makes the secure and precise wireless transmission realizable in practice. For illegal eavesdroppers, the receive power of confidential messages is so weak that their receivers cannot intercept these confidential messages successfully once it is corrupted by AN. In such a scheme, the design of phase alignment/beamforming vector and AN projection matrix depends intimately on the desired direction angle and distance. It is particularly noted that the use of RSCS leads to a significant outcome that the receive power of confidential messages mainly concentrates on the small neighboring region around the desired receiver and only small fraction of its power leaks out to the remaining large broad regions. This concept is called secure precise transmission. The probability density function of real-time receive signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR) is derived. Also, the average SINR and its tight upper bound are attained. The approximate closed-form expression for average secrecy rate is derived by analyzing the first-null positions of the SINR and clarifying the wiretap region. Simulation and analysis show that the proposed scheme actually can achieve a secure and precise wireless transmission of confidential messages in line-of-propagation channel, and the derived theoretical formula of average secrecy rate is verified to coincide with the exact results well for medium and large scale transmit antenna array or in the low and medium SNR regions.
Security capacity improvement is always the implementation goal of physical layer security, which can be achieved by deliberate randomization based on differentia and uniqueness of wireless channels through signal processing method. An information-guided randomization secure transmission scheme is proposed combined with a spatial modulation system in which information can be carried by receiving antennas index but actually by channel differentia. Randomization is generated along with channel modulation procedure realized by corresponding preprocessing to transmitting signals. We provide three approaches for designing preprocessing weights under different constraint conditions. The former two can only be used when the number of receiving antennas is less than transmitting and have a tradeoff with varying degrees between receiving performance and security. The third one then relaxes the limits via generalized spatial modulation and can be used for arbitrary antennas configuration but with a receiving performance compromise. Lastly, results of performance analysis and numerical evaluation show that the proposed secure scheme is effective to prohibit the eavesdropper from intercepting information.
In the conventional directional modulation (DM) system without relay aiding, when the eavesdropper locates within the main-beam of the desired direction, it can intercept the confidential message from source Alice. In this paper, we propose a strategy to enhance physical-layer security of direction modulation in wireless transmission with the help of multi-relay cooperation. In this scenario, the confidential messages are forwarded to the desired destination receiver, and the artificial noise (AN) is enforced to the eavesdroppers with the aid of multi-relays and direction modulation such that the eavesdropper can not successfully recover the useful information from its received signals. The simulation results show that the proposed method achieves a significantly higher signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) peak at the destination position than at other positions outside the main-beam of the desired position and its secrecy rate performance at undesired position is so poor that the secure transmission is guaranteed.
A scheme based on projection operator is proposed to guarantee the information theoretical security in MIMO physical layer transmission.The transmitter has multiple antennas and is able to simultaneously transmit separately information bearing signal to the intended receiver and randomized interference to the eavesdropper in the projection space.An iterative algorithm of power allocation between them is given according to the secret channel capacity criteria.Based on the special statistical distributions of the adversary’s received signal,the indeterminacy of its blind deconvolution is proved.Numerical results indicate that the secret channel capacity of this scheme is enhanced with reduced bit error rate at the target user,while the eavesdropper can not demodulate correctly.
With the rapid deployment and wide use of mobile services and applications, more and more sensitive user information is being transmitted wirelessly. Due to the broadcast nature of wireless transmissions, they are exposed to all surrounding entities and thus vulnerable to eavesdropping. To counter this vulnerability, we propose a new physical-layer secure transmission scheme, called DDM-Sec, based on decomposed and distributed modulation (DDM). We show that a high-order modulation can be decomposed into multiple quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulations, each of which can be further represented by two mutually orthogonal binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulations. Therefore, traditional modulation can be realized by two cooperative transmitters (Txs), each generating a BPSK signal, in a distributed manner. The legitimate receiver (Rx) can decode the desired/intended information from the mixed two received BPSK signals while preventing the eavesdropper from accessing the legitimate user's information. DDM-Sec can effectively exploit the randomness of wireless channels to secure data transmission, enrich the spatial signatures of the legitimate user's transmission by employing two cooperative Txs, and then distribute the user's information to two transmissions so that none of the decomposed signals alone carry the legitimate user's full information. Moreover, due to random deployment of the two Txs and Rx, delay difference of the two transmissions is introduced. This can be further utilized to make eavesdropping difficult. Our theoretical analysis and simulation have shown that DDM-Sec can effectively prevent the eavesdropping, and hence guarantee the secrecy of the legitimate user's data transmission.