The “clock-paradox” and the quantum-mechanical theory of biological ageing

Ivan Domuschiev

Jay Kadam

Title: The Quantum Anchor Paradox: Why the Future Will Just Delete You Hey everyone, I’m Jay, a 16-year-old independent researcher from India, and I’ve been working on a theory about why future time travel is impossible for humans. It’s called The Quantum Anchor Paradox. The core idea is simple: Einstein said clocks can dilate into the future [1.1]. But quantum physics says the future isn't a solid place yet—it’s just a blurry cloud of uncollapsed probabilities. Because the future isn't solid, a time machine can't drop an "anchor" or lock onto any coordinates. If you try to force a jump anyway, you get unplugged from today and stuck in a void. Even worse, our brains run strictly on linear time. Forcing a living mind through warped space-time completely breaks your neural clock, causing total cognitive collapse and amnesia. Because quantum mechanics needs a conscious observer to make reality happen, a brain-dead traveler means the trip can never mathematically finish. The universe protects the timeline using our own biology. Let me know what you guys think!

Garnet N. Ord

The modern concept of spacetime usually emerges from the consideration of moving clocks on the assumption that world-lines are continuous. In this paper we start with the assumption that natural clocks are digital and that events are discrete. By taking different continuum limits we show that the phase of non-relativistic quantum mechanics and the odd metric of spacetime both emerge from the consideration of discrete clocks in relative motion. From this perspective, the continuum limit that manifests itself in 'spacetime' is an infinite mass limit. The continuum limit that gives rise to the Schrödinger equation retains a finite mass as a beat frequency superimposed on the 'Zitterbewegung' at the Compton frequency. We illustrate this in a simple model in which a Poisson process drives a relativistic clock that gives rise to a Feynman path integral, where the phase is a manifestation of the twin paradox. The example shows that the non-Euclidean character of spacetime and the wave-particle duality of quantum mechanics share a common origin. They both emerge from the necessity that clocks age at rates that are path dependent.

Harriman H. Dash

Ivan B. Djordjević

Recent evidence suggests that quantum mechanics is relevant in photosynthesis, magnetoreception, enzymatic catalytic reactions, olfactory reception, photoreception, genetics, electron-transfer in proteins, and evolution; to mention few. In our recent paper published in Life, we have derived the operator-sum representation of a biological channel based on codon basekets, and determined the quantum channel model suitable for study of the quantum biological channel capacity. However, this model is essentially memoryless and it is not able to properly model the propagation of mutation errors in time, the process of aging, and evolution of genetic information through generations. To solve for these problems, we propose novel quantum mechanical models to accurately describe the process of creation spontaneous, induced, and adaptive mutations and their propagation in time. Different biological channel models with memory, proposed in this paper, include: (i) Markovian classical model, (ii) Markovian-like quantum model, and (iii) hybrid quantum-classical model. We then apply these models in a study of aging and evolution of quantum biological channel capacity through generations. We also discuss key differences of these models with respect to a multilevel symmetric channel-based Markovian model and a Kimura model-based Markovian process. These models are quite general and applicable to many open problems in biology, not only biological channel capacity, which is the main focus of the paper. We will show that the famous quantum Master equation approach, commonly used to describe different biological processes, is just the first-order approximation of the proposed quantum Markov chain-like model, when the observation interval tends to zero. One of the important implications of this model is that the aging phenotype becomes determined by different underlying transition probabilities in both programmed and random (damage) Markov chain-like models of aging, which are mutually coupled.

Hugh Christopher Longuet-Higgins