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Journal of Low Temperature Physics

NMR Measurements of a possible New Quantum Phase in 2D 3He

H. Akisato, S. Murakawa, Y. Mastumoto, Daisuke Tsuji, H. Kambara, Hiroshi Fukuyama

Published Jan 1, 2005• 1 citation
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s10909-005-1561-3

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3 He is an example of the system with non-trivial Cooper paring. A few different superfluid phases are known in this system. Recently the new one, the polar phase, have been observed in 3 He confined in nematically ordered aerogel. A number of various topological defects including half-quantum vortices can exist the polar phase. In this work, we present theoretical and numerical studies of linear nuclear magnetic resonance in the polar phase both in the uniform order-parameter texture and in the presence of half-quantum vortices.
Deformation of aerogel strongly modifies the orientation of the order parameter of superfluid 3He confined in aerogel. We used a radial squeezing of aerogel to keep the orbital angular momentum of the 3He Cooper pairs in the plane perpendicular to the magnetic field. We did not find strong evidence for a polar phase, with a nodal line along the equator of the Fermi surface, predicted to occur at large radial squeezing. Instead we observed 3He-A with a clear experimental evidence of the destruction of the long-range order by random anisotropy -- the Larkin-Imry-Ma effect. In 3He-B we observed and identified new modes of NMR, which are impossible to obtain in bulk 3He-B. One of these modes is characterized by a repulsive interaction between magnons, which is suitable for the magnon Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC).