The probabilities of three-, four-, and five-photon excitation of states in the n =3, 4, and 5 shells from the ground and metastable states are calculated for linearly and circularly polarized radiation, allowing for the optically induced changes in the excited-state spectrum of the hydrogen atom.
Metastable states of atomic hydrogen in an ideal linearly polarized laser have been shown to exist. These states, in the laboratory frame, have the electron oscillating with a large amplitude. The electron will radiate both even and odd harmonics of the laser frequency at a rate calculated here. The electron may also radiate nonharmonic radiation, thereby leaving the atom in an excited state. This process contributes to the width of the ground state. Both processes are evaluated at an upper limit of intensity imposed upon the theory by the dipole approximation.
The infinite summations over the complete set of unperturbed atomic states appearing in the Nth-order perturbation theory for multiphoton ionization are performed using the Dalgarno-Lewis method. The relevant transition matrix elements are written in a closed integral form exhibiting all the analytic properties of the amplitude as a function of incident photon energy. The cross sections for two- and three-photon ionization for atomic hydrogen are calculated for both linearly and circularly polarized light with a wide range of photon energy spectrum including the near resonance, and numerical comparison is made with the values obtained by different methods.