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Physical review. B, Condensed matter

Higher-order-magnetization-cumulant universality of the two-dimensional Ising model

K. K. Mon

Published Jan 1, 1997• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study the higher-order cumulant universality of the order-parameter distribution at criticality for the two-dimensional nearest-neighbor ferromagnetic Ising model with Monte Carlo methods. These cumulants are interesting because they are a quantitative measure of the shape of the critical order parameter distribution. This shape has been predicted to be universal. Up to now, only the fourth-order cumulant has been studied in any detail. The set of higher-order cumulants as a whole is more sensitive to the details of the distribution and hence is a stronger test. It cannot be sampled efficiently with standard Monte Carlo sampling. To the best of our knowledge, no definite numerical results have been reported in the literature. Using the umbrella-sampling technique, we are able to obtain accurate estimates for the fourth-, sixth-, eighth-, and tenth-order cumulants for both the square and triangular lattices of different lattice sizes. These results support universality.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.55.38

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We study the higher-order cumulant universality of the order-parameter distribution at criticality for the two-dimensional nearest-neighbor ferromagnetic Ising model with Monte Carlo methods. These cumulants are interesting because they are a quantitative measure of the shape of the critical order parameter distribution. This shape has been predicted to be universal. Up to now, only the fourth-order cumulant has been studied in any detail. The set of higher-order cumulants as a whole is more sensitive to the details of the distribution and hence is a stronger test. It cannot be sampled efficiently with standard Monte Carlo sampling. To the best of our knowledge, no definite numerical results have been reported in the literature. Using the umbrella-sampling technique, we are able to obtain accurate estimates for the fourth-, sixth-, eighth-, and tenth-order cumulants for both the square and triangular lattices of different lattice sizes. These results support universality.
In this paper we study finite-size scaling at criticality in the Gibbs ensemble with Monte Carlo simulations. A recent lattice-gas version of Gibbs-ensemble sampling for the two-dimensional Ising-model magnet with nearest-neighbor ferromagnetic interactions on two subsystems of L\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}L lattices is considered. Both square and triangular lattices with a range of lattice sizes are simulated at bulk criticality. We are interested in the question of universality for the fourth-order cumulant of the order-parameter distribution in the Gibbs ensemble. Estimates of -1.954\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.005 and -1.9543\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.005 are obtained for the square and triangular lattices, respectively. These values confirm universality within the Gibbs ensemble, but are statistically different from the canonical-ensemble values of \ensuremath{\sim}-1.83. We point out that one must interpret this apparent ensemble dependence with care. Unlike in the canonical ensemble, the order parameter in the Gibbs ensemble is the subsystem magnetization. Its fourth-order cumulant is not simply related to the usual fourth magnetic-field derivative of the total free energy. Standard finite-size scaling analysis of data for the total specific heat, subsystem magnetization, and susceptibility are also considered and found to be in good agreement with finite-size scaling.
We reanalyze transfer-matrix and Monte Carlo results for the critical Binder cumulant U* of an anisotropic two-dimensional Ising model on a square lattice in a square geometry with periodic boundary conditions. Spins are coupled between nearest-neighboring sites and between next-nearest-neighboring sites along one of the lattice diagonals. We find that U* depends only on the asymptotic critical long-distance features of the anisotropy, irrespective of its realization through ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic next-nearest-neighbor couplings. We modify an earlier renormalization-group calculation to obtain a quantitative description of the anisotropy dependence of U*. Our results support our recent claim towards the validity of universal finite-size scaling for critical phenomena in the presence of a weak anisotropy.
To demonstrate the application of computational physics in modern statistical physics, this paper investigates the critical behavior of a finite-size ferromagnetic system based on the two-dimensional square-lattice Ising model.A nearest-neighbor Ising Hamiltonian is constructed, and periodic boundary conditions are adopted to reduce finite-boundary effects.The Metropolis Monte Carlo algorithm is used to sample spin configurations at different temperatures, while energy, magnetization, specific heat, magnetic susceptibility and Binder cumulant are calculated to describe the transition from an ordered state to a disordered state.The simulation results show that the system exhibits clear long-range order at low temperatures, where the order parameter remains high.As temperature increases, thermal fluctuations become stronger, magnetization decreases rapidly, and the system gradually evolves into a disordered state.The specific heat curve shows a pronounced peak at approximately (T = 2.269), while the susceptibility peak shifts slightly toward the high-temperature side due to finite-size effects and the discrete temperature grid.Overall, the simulated critical region is consistent with the theoretical critical temperature of the two-dimensional square-lattice Ising model.Spin-configuration analysis further reveals enhanced fluctuations and domain reconstruction near the critical region.In addition, a thermalization criterion and an extended sampling test for L = 48 near the critical region are added to examine the influence of finite sampling and equilibration.These results indicate that Monte Carlo simulation of the two-dimensional Ising model can effectively reproduce continuous phase transition, critical fluctuation and finite-size effects, providing a basic computational case for understanding critical phenomena in complex systems and data-driven physical analysis.
. -- We solve the long-standing discrepancy between Monte Carlo results and the renormalization prediction for the Binder cumulant of the five-dimensional Ising model. Our conclusions are based on accurate Monte Carlo data for systems with linear sizes up to L = 22. A detailed analysis of the corrections to scaling allows the extrapolation of these results to L = #. Our determination of the critical point, Kc =0.1139150 (4), is more than an order of magnitude more accurate than previous estimates. Introduction. -- A much-debated issue in recent years is the question of universality of the five-dimensional Ising model [1]-[8]. This question focuses on the value of the renormalized coupling constant g at criticality, which is related to the Binder cumulant B [9]. For d- dimensional systems with periodic boundary conditions, hypercubic geometry and d # d u , where d u denotes the upper critical dimension, renormalization theory [10] predicts that this cumulant has a universal value. Howe...
We solve the long-standing discrepancy between Monte Carlo results and the renormalization prediction for the Binder cumulant of the five-dimensional Ising model. Our conclusions are based on accurate Monte Carlo data for systems with linear sizes up to L=22. A detailed analysis of the corrections to scaling allows the extrapolation of these results to L=\infinity. Our determination of the critical point, K_c=0.1139150 (4), is more than an order of magnitude more accurate than previous estimates.