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Frontiers in Optics

π - Phase Cylindrical Vector Beams in Optical Tweezers

Brian J. Roxworthy, Kimani C. Toussaint

Published Jan 1, 2010• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The use of π - phase cylindrical vector beams in optical trapping is investigated. We find that tuning the relative phase between the eigenmodes comprising the beams can optimize the axial trapping forces.
DOI
10.1364/fio.2010.ftum2

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Usually, optical tweezers for trapping atoms or nanoparticles are based on the focusing of a Gaussian laser beam (GB). The optical trap is characterised by its longitudinal stability (LS), expressed as the ratio of the backward axial gradient and the forward scattering forces. Replacing the GB with a LGp0 beam (one central peak surrounded by p rings) does not improve the LS because the on-axis intensity distribution is the same whatever the mode order p. However, it has been recently demonstrated that a restructured LGp0 beam can improve greatly the LS. In this paper, we consider the restructuring of a LGp0 beam when passing through a simple binary diffracting optical element called a circular π-plate (CPP). For a particular radius of the dephasing zone of the CPP, it is found that the LS is multiplied by a factor corresponding to a relative increase of about 220% to 320%.
This paper presents a routine to align an optical tweezer on a single trapped ion and use the ion as a probe to characterize the tweezer. We find a smallest tweezer waist of $2.3(2)\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\textmu{}\mathrm{m}$, which is in agreement with the theoretical minimal attainable waist of $2.5(2)\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\textmu{}\mathrm{m}$ in our setup. We characterize the spatial dependence of the tweezer pattern in terms of its Rabi frequency on an optical transition in the ion. We find a peak Rabi frequency of 390(70)MHz390(70)\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\mathrm{MHz}390(70)MHz in the center of the tweezer and a suppression factor of 19(3) in the immediate surrounding of the ion. We investigate the effects of optical forces and coherent population trapping on the ion. We show that the challenges posed by these forces can be overcome, and that the number of tweezers can be easily scaled up to reach several ions by using a spatial light modulator.
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