I report the observation of population inversion by optical adiabatic rapid passage. These observations, on an
NH3 infrared transition with all the relevant parameters known, agree with theoretical expectations. The pressure dependence of
T1, obtained by this technique, makes possible the first estimate of the collision-induced rotational lifetime of
NH3 in an excited band, which is significantly longer than the rotational lifetime in the ground vibrational band.
We propose a new application of the optical adiabatic passage effect for the excitation of a thermal atomic beam, which will be used in the calcium active optical clock to produce population inversion. A comparison between the optical adiabatic passage effect and the Rabi π pulse is investigated, 99% of the calcium atoms in the atomic beam that has a wide velocity distribution will be excited to the upper state for population inversion using the adiabatic passage, while 76% at most will be excited to the excited state using the π pulse with suitable parameters.