A Quasiclassical Spin Formalism is developed for spin algebras characteristic of Ising Models, that is, an algebra in which all elements commute. Spin operators and their products are mapped onto continous variables while traces are re‐expressed as integrals over these variables. Using the formalism, a certain Integral Equation is developed whose eigenfunctions and eigenvalues characterize the thermodynamical properties of the spin S, one dimensional Ising lattice. The kernel of the equation is the “classical” kernal in the limit as spin approaches infinity.
The zero-temperature quantum phase diagram of the spin-
21 J1--
J2--
J1⊥ model on an
AA-stacked bilayer honeycomb lattice is investigated using the coupled cluster method (CCM). The model comprises two monolayers in each of which the spins, residing on honeycomb-lattice sites, interact via both nearest-neighbor (NN) and frustrating next-nearest-neighbor isotropic antiferromagnetic (AFM) Heisenberg exchange iteractions, with respective strengths
J1>0 and
J2≡κJ1>0. The two layers are coupled via a comparable Heisenberg exchange interaction between NN interlayer pairs, with a strength
J1⊥≡δJ1. The complete phase boundaries of two quasiclassical collinear AFM phases, namely the Neel and Neel-II phases, are calculated in the
κδ half-plane with
κ>0. Whereas on each monolayer in the Neel state all NN pairs of spins are antiparallel, in the Neel-II state NN pairs of spins on zigzag chains along one of the three equivalent honeycomb-lattice directions are antiparallel, while NN interchain spins are parallel. We calculate directly in the thermodynamic (infinite-lattice) limit both the magnetic order parameter
M and the excitation energy
Δ from the
sTz=0 ground state to the lowest-lying
∣sTz∣=1 excited state (where
sTz is the total
z component of spin for the system as a whole, and where the collinear ordering lies along the
z direction) for both quasiclassical states used (separately) as the CCM model state, on top of which the multispin quantum correlations are then calculated to high orders (
n≤10) in a systematic series of approximations involving
n-spin clusters. The sole approximation made is then to extrapolate the sequences of
nth-order results for
M and
Δ to the exact limit,
n→∞.
Using an extension of the Jordan - Wigner transformation (JWT) in two dimensions, the effects of weak interchain coupling on the spin - Peierls (SP) system is studied. The magnetic interaction is considered to be a quantum XY-interaction, and the spin - lattice distortion is treated quasiclassically. On the analogy of the stepped Peierls transition theory, we propose a stepped SP transition theory. We find that, when any finite transverse coupling is introduced between nearest chains, the usual SP transition will be modified, and the dimerization and the opening of the gap will no longer occur simultaneously. This leads to the appearance of a gapless SP phase over a certain temperature region.